Paronychia franciscana |
Paronychia canadensis |
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California whitlow wort, San Francisco nailwort, San Francisco whitlow wort |
fork-chickweed, smooth fork whitlow-wort, smooth-fork nailwort |
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Habit | Plants perennial, mat-forming; caudex branched, woody. | Plants annual; taproot filiform to slender. |
Stems | prostrate, usually much-branched throughout, 5–50 cm, pubescent. |
erect, dichotomously branched, 3–40 cm, ultimate branches filiform, glabrous. |
Leaves | stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–6 mm, apex narrowly acute to long-acuminate, entire; blade elliptic to oblanceolate, 5–10 × 1.5–2.5 mm, ± fleshy, apex spinulous, entire, ± moderately antrorsely appressed-pubescent. |
stipules subulate to lanceolate, 0.5–4 mm, apex acuminate, entire; blade usually dotted or blotched, elliptic to obovate, 3–30 × 1–11 mm, herbaceous, apex acute to obtuse or cuspidate, glabrous. |
Flowers | 5-merous, short-cylindric, with enlarged hypanthium and calyx cylindric to slightly tapering distally, 1.9–2.4 mm, glabrous, sepals puberulent distally; sepals greenish, becoming reddish brown, midrib and lateral pair of veins often apparent, oblong to ovate, 1.2–1.3 mm, herbaceous, margins translucent, ca. 0.1 mm wide, scarious, apex terminated by awn, hood broadly rounded, awn erect, 0.5–0.7 mm, conic in proximal 1/6 with whitish, smooth spine; staminodes absent; styles 2, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
5-merous, ± short-cylindric, with enlarged hypanthium and calyx cylindric, 0.9–1.3 mm, glabrous; sepals greenish to brownish, midrib and lateral pair of veins prominent, ovate to oblong, 0.5–1 mm, herbaceous, margins white to translucent, 0.03–0.1 mm wide, scarious, apex terminated by mucro, hood rounded-triangular, mucro triangular, 0.07–0.15 mm, glabrous; staminodes absent or indistinct; styles 2, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
Cymes | axillary, inconspicuous, 2–6-flowered, tightly congested. |
diffuse, flowers solitary (paired) in axils of leafy bracts. |
Utricles | ± globose to 4-angled, 1.2–1.3 mm, papillate distally. |
ovoid to globose, ca. 0.5 mm, granular in distal 1/2, glabrous. |
Paronychia franciscana |
Paronychia canadensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Grassy hills | Woodlands, thickets, fields, clearings, roadsides, waste places |
Elevation | 20-300 m (100-1000 ft) | 0-1300 m (0-4300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; South America (Chile) [Introduced in North America]
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AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON
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Discussion | Although Paronychia franciscana was described from California, where it has been known from the San Francisco area since 1887, the species is native in Chile. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 38. | FNA vol. 5, p. 34. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Queria canadensis, Anychia canadensis | |
Name authority | Eastwood: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 288. (1901) | (Linnaeus) Alph. Wood: Class-Book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), 262. (1861) |
Web links |