Paronychia franciscana |
Paronychia baldwinii |
|
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California whitlow wort, San Francisco nailwort, San Francisco whitlow wort |
Baldwin's nailwort |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, mat-forming; caudex branched, woody. | Plants annual, biennial, or perennial, often matted; taproot slender. |
Stems | prostrate, usually much-branched throughout, 5–50 cm, pubescent. |
prostrate to erect, branched, 5–70 cm, mostly retrorsely to spreading-pubescent on 1 side or throughout. |
Leaves | stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–6 mm, apex narrowly acute to long-acuminate, entire; blade elliptic to oblanceolate, 5–10 × 1.5–2.5 mm, ± fleshy, apex spinulous, entire, ± moderately antrorsely appressed-pubescent. |
stipules lanceolate, 2–6 mm, apex acuminate, entire; blade oblong to elliptic or oblanceolate, 3–25 × 1–6 mm, herbaceous, apex acute and briefly cuspidate, glabrous. |
Flowers | 5-merous, short-cylindric, with enlarged hypanthium and calyx cylindric to slightly tapering distally, 1.9–2.4 mm, glabrous, sepals puberulent distally; sepals greenish, becoming reddish brown, midrib and lateral pair of veins often apparent, oblong to ovate, 1.2–1.3 mm, herbaceous, margins translucent, ca. 0.1 mm wide, scarious, apex terminated by awn, hood broadly rounded, awn erect, 0.5–0.7 mm, conic in proximal 1/6 with whitish, smooth spine; staminodes absent; styles 2, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
5-merous, ± short-cylindric, with enlarged hypanthium and calyx cylindric, 1–1.7 mm, glabrous to pubescent with short hairs, often minutely ciliate, sometimes glaucous; sepals greenish or greenish white to brownish, veins absent, ovate to oblong, 0.8–1.3 mm, herbaceous, margins white, 0.05–0.1 mm wide, scarious to papery, apex terminated by minute cusp, hood narrowly rounded, cusp light green to whitish, straight, short-conic, 0.1–0.15 mm, minutely scabrous; staminodes subulate, 0.2–0.3 mm; style 1, cleft in distal 4/5+, 0.2–0.4 mm. |
Cymes | axillary, inconspicuous, 2–6-flowered, tightly congested. |
terminal, 20–40+-flowered, diffuse, lax, repeatedly forked or dichotomous. |
Utricles | ± globose to 4-angled, 1.2–1.3 mm, papillate distally. |
ellipsoid, 1–1.3 mm, papillate distally. |
Paronychia franciscana |
Paronychia baldwinii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Grassy hills | Dunes, woodlands, fields, clearings, roadsides, riverbanks, hummocks, waste places |
Elevation | 20-300 m (100-1000 ft) | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; South America (Chile) [Introduced in North America]
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AL; FL; GA; NC; SC; VA
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Discussion | Although Paronychia franciscana was described from California, where it has been known from the San Francisco area since 1887, the species is native in Chile. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Chaudhri used duration and pubescence to recognize two subspecies of Paronychia baldwinii, characters that L. H. Shinners (1962c) found to vary independently in this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 38. | FNA vol. 5, p. 34. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Anychia baldwinii, Anychiasatrum baldwinii, Anychiasatrum riparium, P. baldwinii var. ciliata, P. baldwinii subsp. riparia, P. riparia | |
Name authority | Eastwood: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 288. (1901) | (Torrey & A. Gray) Fenzl ex Walpers: Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 262. (1842) |
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