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American nailwort

creeping nailwort, low nailwort

Habit Plants annual or biennial; taproot slender. Plants perennial, densely cespitose and mat-forming; caudex branched, woody.
Stems

erect or ascending to prostrate, branched, 5–60 cm, often retrorsely pubescent on 1 side.

erect to ascending, branched proximally, 5–25 cm, hirtellous.

Leaves

stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–7 mm, apex acuminate, fimbriate;

blade spatulate to oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, 3–20 × 1–4 mm, herbaceous, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, glabrous to scaberulous.

stipules lanceolate to subulate, 2–3 mm, apex long-acuminate, often deeply cleft;

blade linear-subulate, 4–7.5 × 0.5–0.8 mm, leathery, apex acute or shortly cuspidate-mucronate, very finely puberulent to glabrous.

Flowers

5-merous, ± short-cylindric, with slightly enlarged hypanthium and calyx widening somewhat distally, 1–1.8 mm, sparsely to moderately pubescent proximally with hooked to straight hairs;

sepals red-brown (sometimes finely striped or mottled), white distally, midrib obscure, obovate, 0.4–0.8 mm, leathery to rigid, margins white, 0.03–0.1 mm wide, thinly herbaceous, apex broadly rounded, hood broadly rounded, awn or mucro usually absent or minute;

staminodes narrowly triangular, 0.3–0.4 mm;

style 1, cleft in distal 1/6, 0.6–0.8 mm.

5-merous, ± ovoid, with enlarged hypanthium and calyx narrowing distally, 3.6–5 mm, moderately pubescent with silky to stiff, antrorse to somewhat spreading hairs;

sepals green to red-brown, midrib and lateral pair of veins prominent, lanceolate-oblong, 1.5–2 mm, leathery, margins whitish to translucent, 0.1–0.2 mm wide, scarious, apex terminated by awn, hood ± obscure, narrowly rounded, awn erect to somewhat spreading, 1–1.5(–2) mm, narrowly conic in proximal 1/2 with white, scabrous spine;

staminodes filiform, 0.7–1 mm;

style 1, cleft in distal 1/5, 1.4–1.5 mm.

Cymes

terminal, 9–25-flowered, ± compact, forming spheroid glomerules 2–6 mm wide.

terminal, 3–6-flowered, congested, or flowers solitary.

Utricles

ovoid to ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 mm, smooth, glabrous.

ovoid-oblong, 1.3–1.4 mm, densely pubescent in distal 1/2.

Paronychia americana

Paronychia sessiliflora

Phenology Flowering year round. Flowering summer.
Habitat Dunes, pine/oak woodland, fields, clearings, roadsides Dry, stony hillsides, summits, and sandstone mesas
Elevation 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) 700-3100 m (2300-10200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
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from FNA
CO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OK; TX; UT; WY; AB; SK
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Discussion

Plants of Paronychia americana with fewer flowers in lax cymes from Florida and Georgia were named subsp. pauciflora, a distinction that we do not feel is worth recognition.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 33. FNA vol. 5, p. 42.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia
Sibling taxa
P. ahartii, P. argyrocoma, P. baldwinii, P. canadensis, P. chartacea, P. congesta, P. depressa, P. drummondii, P. echinulata, P. erecta, P. fastigiata, P. franciscana, P. herniarioides, P. jamesii, P. jonesii, P. lindheimeri, P. maccartii, P. monticola, P. patula, P. pulvinata, P. rugelii, P. sessiliflora, P. setacea, P. virginica, P. wilkinsonii
P. ahartii, P. americana, P. argyrocoma, P. baldwinii, P. canadensis, P. chartacea, P. congesta, P. depressa, P. drummondii, P. echinulata, P. erecta, P. fastigiata, P. franciscana, P. herniarioides, P. jamesii, P. jonesii, P. lindheimeri, P. maccartii, P. monticola, P. patula, P. pulvinata, P. rugelii, P. setacea, P. virginica, P. wilkinsonii
Synonyms Herniaria americana, P. americana subsp. pauciflora, Siphonychia americana, Siphonychia pauciflora
Name authority (Nuttall) Fenzl ex Walpers: Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 262. (1842) Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 160. (1818)
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