Parnassia parviflora |
Parnassia kotzebuei |
|
---|---|---|
small flower parnassia, small-flower grass-of-parnassus |
Kotzebue's grass-of-parnassus |
|
Habit | Herbs with caudices. | Herbs with caudices. |
Stems | 2–35 cm. |
2–15(–25) cm. |
Leaves | basal in rosettes; petiole 0.4–2 cm; blade (of larger leaves) ovate to oblong, 6–35 × 5–25 mm, base cuneate to subcordate, apex rounded to subacute; cauline on proximal 1/2 to middle of stem. |
basal in rosettes; petiole 0.2–1(–2) cm; blade (of larger leaves) deltate-ovate to rhombic-ovate 3.5–12(–30) × 4–10(–25) mm, base cordate to cuneate, apex acute to obtuse; cauline on proximal 1/2 of stem or absent. |
Flowers | sepals spreading in fruit, linear-lanceolate to oblong or elliptic-oblong, 3–6 mm, margins not hyaline, entire, apex obtuse; petals 5–13-veined, oblong to elliptic, 3.5–10 × 4–6 mm, length 1.1–1.5 times sepals, base rounded to cuneate, margins entire; stamens (2–)4–7 mm; anthers 1–1.6 mm; staminodes obovate, divided distally into 5–7(–9) gland-tipped filaments, (2–)3.5–5 mm, shorter than stamens, apical glands suborbicular, 0.2–0.3 mm; ovary green. |
sepals spreading in fruit, oblong-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 4–8 mm, margins not hyaline, entire, apex obtuse; petals usually 3-veined, oblong to elliptic, 3–7 × 2–3 mm, length 0.8–1.3 times sepals, base rounded or cuneate, margins entire; stamens 3–4.5 mm; anthers 0.7–1 mm; staminodes obovate, unlobed or divided distally into 3–5 gland-tipped filaments, 1.5–3 mm, shorter than stamens, apical glands suborbicular, 0.1–0.2 mm; ovary green. |
Capsules | 7–10 mm. |
6–12 mm. |
2n | = 36. |
= 18, 36. |
Parnassia parviflora |
Parnassia kotzebuei |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Wet, calcareous shores, meadows, fens, seepy scree slopes. | Moist or seasonally dry shores, stream banks, riverbanks, meadows, tundra, seepage areas, talus, snowbeds, wet calcareous rocky places, open conifer forests. |
Elevation | 10–2900 m. (0–9500 ft.) | 0–3800 m. (0–12500 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MI; MT; ND; NV; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NL; NS; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK
|
AK; CO; ID; MT; NV; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NL; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; ne Asia
|
Discussion | Parnassia parviflora has been included in P. palustris by some authors. Small-flowered plants of P. palustris usually have the staminodes divided into about nine filaments distally and the anthers exceed 1.5 mm, but rarely some plants cannot be clearly assigned to one or other of these species. In Nunavut, P. parviflora is known only from Akimiski Island in James Bay. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Variety pumila was described as endemic to the western mountains, but identical plants occur throughout much of the range of the species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 114. | FNA vol. 12, p. 115. |
Parent taxa | Celastraceae > Parnassia | Celastraceae > Parnassia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. palustris var. parviflora | P. kotzebuei var. pumila |
Name authority | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 320. (1824) | Chamisso ex Sprengel: Syst. Veg. 1: 951. (1824) |
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