Parnassia kotzebuei |
Parnassia cirrata |
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Kotzebue's grass-of-parnassus |
Cascade grass-of-parnassus, San Bernardino grass of parnassus |
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Habit | Herbs with caudices. | Herbs with caudices. | ||||
Stems | 2–15(–25) cm. |
15–40 cm. |
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Leaves | basal in rosettes; petiole 0.2–1(–2) cm; blade (of larger leaves) deltate-ovate to rhombic-ovate 3.5–12(–30) × 4–10(–25) mm, base cordate to cuneate, apex acute to obtuse; cauline on proximal 1/2 of stem or absent. |
basal in rosettes; petiole 1–12 cm; blade (of larger leaves) ovate-orbiculate to elliptic-ovate, 15–60 × 7–50 mm, base cuneate, rounded, or weakly cordate, apex rounded; cauline usually on middle to distal 1/2 of stem, rarely absent. |
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Flowers | sepals spreading in fruit, oblong-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 4–8 mm, margins not hyaline, entire, apex obtuse; petals usually 3-veined, oblong to elliptic, 3–7 × 2–3 mm, length 0.8–1.3 times sepals, base rounded or cuneate, margins entire; stamens 3–4.5 mm; anthers 0.7–1 mm; staminodes obovate, unlobed or divided distally into 3–5 gland-tipped filaments, 1.5–3 mm, shorter than stamens, apical glands suborbicular, 0.1–0.2 mm; ovary green. |
sepals reflexed in fruit, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate to ovate, 4–7 mm, margins sometimes scarious, to 0.1 mm wide, usually entire, rarely minutely denticulate distally, apex rounded; petals 5–7-veined, oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, 8–15 × 3.3–9.8 mm, length 2 times sepals, base cuneate, margins fimbriate proximally; stamens 6–9 mm; anthers 1.5–2.2 mm; staminodes scalelike proximally, distally divided into 5–15 gland-tipped filaments, 3.5–6 mm, shorter than stamens, apical glands globose, 0.2–0.4 mm; ovary green. |
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Capsules | 6–12 mm. |
10 mm. |
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2n | = 18, 36. |
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Parnassia kotzebuei |
Parnassia cirrata |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | |||||
Habitat | Moist or seasonally dry shores, stream banks, riverbanks, meadows, tundra, seepage areas, talus, snowbeds, wet calcareous rocky places, open conifer forests. | |||||
Elevation | 0–3800 m. (0–12500 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MT; NV; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NL; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; ne Asia
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CA; ID; NV; OR; WA; BC; nw Mexico
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Discussion | Variety pumila was described as endemic to the western mountains, but identical plants occur throughout much of the range of the species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 115. | FNA vol. 12, p. 115. | ||||
Parent taxa | Celastraceae > Parnassia | Celastraceae > Parnassia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | P. kotzebuei var. pumila | |||||
Name authority | Chamisso ex Sprengel: Syst. Veg. 1: 951. (1824) | Piper: Erythea 7: 128. (1899) | ||||
Web links |
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