Parnassia fimbriata |
Parnassia grandifolia |
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fringe grass-of-parnassus, Rocky Mountain parnassia |
bigleaf grass of parnassus, largeleaf grass of parnassus |
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Habit | Herbs with caudices. | Herbs with caudices. |
Stems | 10–35 cm. |
12–70 cm. |
Leaves | basal in rosettes; petiole 2–16 cm; blade (of larger leaves) orbicular-reniform to reniform, 10–50 × 15–60 mm, base cordate, apex rounded; cauline usually on middle to distal 1/2 of stem. |
basal in rosettes; petiole 3–15 cm; blade (of larger leaves) oblong-ovate to suborbiculate, 25–80 × 20–70 mm, longer than to ca. as long as wide, base rounded to subcordate, apex obtuse; cauline on proximal half of stem or absent. |
Flowers | sepals reflexed in fruit, oblong-elliptic to ovate, 4–6 mm, margins hyaline, 0.2–0.5 mm wide, denticulate, erose, or short-fimbriate distally, apex rounded; petals 5–7-veined, oblanceolate to obovate, 8–14 × 4–8 mm, length 2 times sepals, base cuneate, margins fimbriate proximally; stamens 6–9 mm; anthers 1.5–2.5 mm; staminodes oblong-obovate, irregularly divided into 5–10+ oblong, obtuse lobes, usually glandular at apex but tip not differentiated into distinct gland, 3–5 mm, shorter than stamens; ovary green. |
sepals reflexed in fruit, oblong to ovate, 2.5–5 mm, margins hyaline, 0.2–0.5 mm wide, entire, apex obtuse; petals 7–11-veined, oblong to ovate, 15–22 × 6–10 mm, length 3–4 times sepals, base cuneate to rounded, margins entire or undulate; stamens 7–9 mm; anthers 2–3 mm; staminodes 3-fid almost to base, gland-tipped, 10–16 mm, longer than stamens, apical glands elliptic to subglobose, 0.4–0.6 mm; ovary green, sometimes whitish at base. |
Capsules | 8–12 mm. |
10–15 mm. |
2n | = 36. |
= 32. |
Parnassia fimbriata |
Parnassia grandifolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering mid summer–fall. |
Habitat | Stream banks, wet meadows, fens, seeps in forest glades, alpine ravines. | Wet, calcareous rocks, shores, meadows, fens. |
Elevation | 10–3200 m. (0–10500 ft.) | 200–1400 m. (700–4600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; YT
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AL; AR; FL; GA; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
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Discussion | Parnassia grandifolia is uncommon throughout most of its range; it is listed as endangered in Florida and Kentucky, threatened in North Carolina, and of special concern in Tennessee. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 115. | FNA vol. 12, p. 116. |
Parent taxa | Celastraceae > Parnassia | Celastraceae > Parnassia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | K. D. König: Ann. Bot. (König & Sims) 1: 391. (1804) | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 320. (1824) |
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