Parnassia cirrata |
Parnassia glauca |
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Cascade grass-of-parnassus, San Bernardino grass of parnassus |
fen grass-of-parnassus |
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Habit | Herbs with caudices. | Herbs with caudices. | ||||
Stems | 15–40 cm. |
10–60 cm. |
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Leaves | basal in rosettes; petiole 1–12 cm; blade (of larger leaves) ovate-orbiculate to elliptic-ovate, 15–60 × 7–50 mm, base cuneate, rounded, or weakly cordate, apex rounded; cauline usually on middle to distal 1/2 of stem, rarely absent. |
basal in rosettes; petiole 1.5–17 cm; blade (of larger leaves) oblong to orbiculate-ovate, 20–70 × 10–50 mm, longer than to ca. as long as wide, base cuneate to subcordate, apex obtuse to subacute; cauline on proximal 1/2 of stem or absent. |
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Flowers | sepals reflexed in fruit, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate to ovate, 4–7 mm, margins sometimes scarious, to 0.1 mm wide, usually entire, rarely minutely denticulate distally, apex rounded; petals 5–7-veined, oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, 8–15 × 3.3–9.8 mm, length 2 times sepals, base cuneate, margins fimbriate proximally; stamens 6–9 mm; anthers 1.5–2.2 mm; staminodes scalelike proximally, distally divided into 5–15 gland-tipped filaments, 3.5–6 mm, shorter than stamens, apical glands globose, 0.2–0.4 mm; ovary green. |
sepals reflexed in fruit, oblong, elliptic, or ovate, 2.5–5 mm, margins hyaline, 0.2–0.5 mm wide, entire, apex rounded; petals 5–12-veined, oblong to ovate, 9–18 × 6–10 mm, length 2–4 times sepals, base cuneate to rounded, margins entire or undulate; stamens 7–10 mm; anthers 1.2–2.8 mm; staminodes 3-fid almost to base, gland-tipped, 4–7 mm, shorter than to ca. equaling stamens, apical glands elliptic-oblong to subreniform, 0.3–0.7 mm; ovary green. |
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Capsules | 10 mm. |
12–14 mm. |
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2n | = 32. |
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Parnassia cirrata |
Parnassia glauca |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–early fall. | |||||
Habitat | Seasonally wet meadows, shores, fens, ditches, seeps, wet, calcareous soils. | |||||
Elevation | 50–700 m. (200–2300 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA; BC; nw Mexico
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CT; IA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SD; VT; WI; MB; NB; NF; ON; QC; SK
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The name Parnassia caroliniana has been misapplied to this species (for example, N. L. Britton and A. Brown 1913). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 115. | FNA vol. 12, p. 116. | ||||
Parent taxa | Celastraceae > Parnassia | Celastraceae > Parnassia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Piper: Erythea 7: 128. (1899) | Rafinesque: Autik. Bot., 42. (1840) | ||||
Web links |
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