Parnassia cirrata |
Parnassia asarifolia |
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Cascade grass-of-parnassus, San Bernardino grass of parnassus |
kidneyleaf grass of parnassus |
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Habit | Herbs with caudices. | Herbs with caudices. | ||||
Stems | 15–40 cm. |
18–50 cm. |
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Leaves | basal in rosettes; petiole 1–12 cm; blade (of larger leaves) ovate-orbiculate to elliptic-ovate, 15–60 × 7–50 mm, base cuneate, rounded, or weakly cordate, apex rounded; cauline usually on middle to distal 1/2 of stem, rarely absent. |
basal in rosettes; petiole 6–17 cm; blade (of larger leaves) reniform to reniform-orbiculate, 20–60 × 25–100 mm, mostly wider than long, base cordate, apex rounded; cauline on proximal 1/2 to middle of stem or absent. |
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Flowers | sepals reflexed in fruit, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate to ovate, 4–7 mm, margins sometimes scarious, to 0.1 mm wide, usually entire, rarely minutely denticulate distally, apex rounded; petals 5–7-veined, oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, 8–15 × 3.3–9.8 mm, length 2 times sepals, base cuneate, margins fimbriate proximally; stamens 6–9 mm; anthers 1.5–2.2 mm; staminodes scalelike proximally, distally divided into 5–15 gland-tipped filaments, 3.5–6 mm, shorter than stamens, apical glands globose, 0.2–0.4 mm; ovary green. |
sepals reflexed in fruit, oblong to obovate, 2.5–6.5 mm, margins hyaline, 0.2–0.4 mm wide, entire, apex rounded; petals 11–18-veined, ovate-elliptic, 10–18 × 7–11 mm, length 2–3 times sepals, base abruptly contracted to 2–3.5 mm claw, margins entire or undulate; stamens 8.5–11.5 mm; anthers 2.2–3.2 mm; staminodes 3-fid almost to base, gland-tipped, 5–9 mm, shorter than stamens, apical glands ovoid-conical, 0.5–0.9 mm; ovary green. |
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Capsules | 10 mm. |
12 mm. |
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2n | = 32. |
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Parnassia cirrata |
Parnassia asarifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–early fall. | |||||
Habitat | Fens, wet woods, rocky banks, often on acidic soils. | |||||
Elevation | 200–1500 m. (700–4900 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA; BC; nw Mexico
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AL; AR; GA; KY; MD; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Parnassia asarifolia is considered endangered in Kentucky and Maryland. It is uncommon throughout its range. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 115. | FNA vol. 12, p. 116. | ||||
Parent taxa | Celastraceae > Parnassia | Celastraceae > Parnassia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Piper: Erythea 7: 128. (1899) | Ventenat: Jard. Malmaison 1: plate 39. (1804) | ||||
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