Parnassia caroliniana |
Parnassia glauca |
|
---|---|---|
Carolina grass of parnassus |
fen grass-of-parnassus |
|
Habit | Herbs with horizontal creeping rhizomes. | Herbs with caudices. |
Stems | 20–60 cm. |
10–60 cm. |
Leaves | basal 1–2 per node on rhizomes; petiole 8–22 cm; blade (of larger leaves) ovate to suborbiculate, 20–75 × 15–70 mm, longer than to ca. as long as wide, base rounded to subcordate, apex obtuse; cauline on proximal 1/2 of stem or absent. |
basal in rosettes; petiole 1.5–17 cm; blade (of larger leaves) oblong to orbiculate-ovate, 20–70 × 10–50 mm, longer than to ca. as long as wide, base cuneate to subcordate, apex obtuse to subacute; cauline on proximal 1/2 of stem or absent. |
Flowers | sepals reflexed in fruit, oblong to oblong-elliptic, 3.5–5 mm, margins hyaline, 0.2 mm wide, entire, apex obtuse; petals 7–12-veined, broadly ovate, 14–20 × 9–12 mm, length 3–4 times sepals, base rounded, margins entire or undulate; stamens 7–11 mm; anthers 1.8–3 mm; staminodes 3-fid almost to base, gland-tipped, 9–14 mm, longer than stamens, apical glands lanceolate, 1–1.7 mm; ovary white. |
sepals reflexed in fruit, oblong, elliptic, or ovate, 2.5–5 mm, margins hyaline, 0.2–0.5 mm wide, entire, apex rounded; petals 5–12-veined, oblong to ovate, 9–18 × 6–10 mm, length 2–4 times sepals, base cuneate to rounded, margins entire or undulate; stamens 7–10 mm; anthers 1.2–2.8 mm; staminodes 3-fid almost to base, gland-tipped, 4–7 mm, shorter than to ca. equaling stamens, apical glands elliptic-oblong to subreniform, 0.3–0.7 mm; ovary green. |
Capsules | 10–15 mm. |
12–14 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
|
Parnassia caroliniana |
Parnassia glauca |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Wet pine savannas, seepage slopes, streamhead ecotones, all subject to recurring fires. | Seasonally wet meadows, shores, fens, ditches, seeps, wet, calcareous soils. |
Elevation | 10–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | 50–700 m. (200–2300 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; NC; SC
|
CT; IA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SD; VT; WI; MB; NB; NF; ON; QC; SK
|
Discussion | Parnassia caroliniana is rare throughout its range; it is listed as endangered in Florida and North Carolina. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The name Parnassia caroliniana has been misapplied to this species (for example, N. L. Britton and A. Brown 1913). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 117. | FNA vol. 12, p. 116. |
Parent taxa | Celastraceae > Parnassia | Celastraceae > Parnassia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 184. (1803) | Rafinesque: Autik. Bot., 42. (1840) |
Web links |