Parkinsonia florida |
Parkinsonia texana |
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blue palo verde |
Texas paloverde |
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Habit | Trees, 2.5–8(–12) m, with nodal spines. | Trees or shrubs, (2–)3–8 m, with nodal spines. | ||||
Stems | pale green, twigs moderately pubescent. |
dark to olive green, twigs moderately to densely pubescent. |
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Leaves | stipules not spinescent; petiole 1.6–3.5 mm, pubescent; pinnae 2; petiolules 0.2 mm, densely pubescent; rachillas 3–7 mm, not winged, with glandular patches on adaxial side, not surrounding leaflet pulvini; leaflets (4 or)6(or 8), opposite, blades elliptic to obovate, 3–7 × 1.6–3 mm, base cuneate to rounded, apex truncate to rounded, not apiculate, surfaces sparsely pubescent abaxially, sparsely pubescent to glabrate adaxially. |
stipules not spinescent; petiole 1.8–3.5 mm, pubescent; pinnae 2; petiolules 0.2–0.3 mm, densely pubescent; rachillas 1.5–12 mm, not winged, with glandular patches on adaxial side, not surrounding leaflet pulvini; leaflets 2–6(or 8), opposite, blades oblanceolate to obovate, 2–3.5 × 0.8–1.9 mm, base cuneate to attenuate, apex truncate or rounded, apiculate or not, surfaces sparsely pubescent abaxially, sparsely pubescent to glabrate adaxially. |
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Racemes | 2–10-flowered, axis 1.1–3.5 cm, strigulose to glabrate; bracts lanceolate, 0.3–0.4 × 0.2–0.3 mm; bracteoles caducous. |
2–10-flowered, axis 0.4–3.5 cm, strigulose to glabrate; bracts deltate or lanceolate, 0.3–0.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm; bracteoles persistent or caducous. |
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Pedicels | 10–14 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrate, joints 1–3 mm from flower, bearded, rarely glabrous, usually nearer flower than pedicel base, rarely nearer pedicel base than flower. |
4–11.3 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrate, joints 2–4.2 mm from flower, bearded, equidistant between flower and pedicel base, distinctly nearer pedicel base, or nearer flower than pedicel base. |
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Flowers | calyx lobes sparsely pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; corolla 8–16 mm diam., petals deep yellow, adaxial one sometimes orange-dotted basally; ovary glabrate. |
calyx lobes moderately pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; corolla 7.9–16 mm diam., petals light to deep yellow, adaxial one often orange-spotted basally; ovary sericeous or glabrate. |
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Legumes | compressed, not constricted between seeds, 3.8–12 × 1–1.3 cm, glabrescent. |
compressed, irregularly and indistinctly torulose, 2.9–5.9 × 0.5–0.8 cm, pubescent, at least basally, or glabrate. |
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Seeds | 1 or 2(–4). |
1–4. |
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2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
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Parkinsonia florida |
Parkinsonia texana |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun (Aug–Nov). | |||||
Habitat | Fine soils along washes and flood plains. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; Mexico (Sonora)
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ne Mexico; Texas |
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Discussion | Hybrids between Parkinsonia florida and P. microphylla usually can be recognized by inter-mediacy (for example, leaflets too large for P. microphylla and too numerous for P. florida), as well as presence of characteristics from both parents (for example, nodal spines, petiolate leaves, glandular patches surrounding pulvini, pubescent ovaries; A. M. Carter 1974b). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Essentially restricted to the Tamaulipan thornscrub ecoregion, vars. macra and texana display a parapatric distribution with only a very narrow zone of apparent overlap. The abruptness of the transition between densely sericeous and glabrate ovaries (that is, a conspicuous absence of populations exhibiting sparsely to moderately sericeous ovaries), as well as the sympatric occurrence of ovaries of both types in a narrow zone where varieties meet, suggests a genetic basis to the variation. Significant relationships between environmental gradients and both ovary vesture and leaflet number suggest an environmental influence in shaping the distribution of genetic variation (A. Krings et al., unpubl.). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Parkinsonia | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Parkinsonia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Cercidium floridum, C. torreyanum, P. torreyana | Cercidium texanum | ||||
Name authority | (Bentham ex A. Gray) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 135. (1876) | (A. Gray) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 136. (1876) | ||||
Web links |