Papaver somniferum |
Papaver mcconnellii |
|
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common garden poppy, common poppy, opium poppy, pavot (commun) |
mcconnell's poppy |
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Habit | Plants to 15 dm, glabrate, glaucous. | Plants loosely cespitose, to 1.5 dm. |
Stems | simple or branching. |
|
Leaves | to 30 cm; blade sometimes sparsely setose abaxially on midrib; margins usually shallowly to deeply toothed. |
to 10 cm; petiole to 1/2 length of leaf; blade gray- and blue-green on both surfaces, glaucous, lanceolate, 1-2x-lobed, commonly with 3 pairs of primary lateral lobes, hirsute; primary lobes obovate to strap-shaped, mostly divided, short, apex acute or more commonly obtuse or rounded. |
Inflorescences | peduncle often sparsely setose. |
scapes erect or decumbent, generally curved, less than 15 cm, hispid. |
Flowers | petals white, pink, red, or purple, often with dark or pale basal spot, to 6 cm; anthers pale yellow; stigmas 5-18, disc ± flat. |
to 6 cm diam.; petals yellow, or white with yellow basal spot; anthers yellow; stigmas 5-7, disc conic-umbonate. |
Capsules | stipitate, subglobose, not ribbed, to 9 cm, glaucous. |
subglobose to obconic, to 1.5 cm, 1-2.5 times longer than broad, strigose, trichomes dark brown to black. |
2n | = 28. |
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Papaver somniferum |
Papaver mcconnellii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Fields, clearings, stream banks, railroads, roadsides, and other disturbed sites | Calcareous mountain summits, ridges, and screes |
Elevation | 0-1300 m (0-4300 ft) | 1000-1500 m (3300-4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CT; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; TX; UT; VA; VT; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC; SK; Greenland; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America]
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AK; NT; YT |
Discussion | Unknown in the wild, Papaver somniferum probably came originally from southeastern Europe and/or southwestern Asia. It has been cultivated for centuries as the source of opium (and its modern derivatives heroin, morphine, and codeine), and also for edible seeds and oil. Various color forms with laciniate and/or doubled petals are grown for ornament. Widely introduced from cultivation and also as a crop weed, it should be expected elsewhere in the flora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In view of intermediate forms in the Alaska Range, we have broadened the concept of Papaver mcconnellii to include P. denalii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Papaver | Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Meconella |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. denalii | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 508. (1753) | Hultén: Fl. Alaska Yukon 5: 803, fig. 1. (1945) |
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