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common garden poppy, common poppy, opium poppy, pavot (commun)

Lapland poppy

Habit Plants to 15 dm, glabrate, glaucous. Plants loosely cespitose, to 3.5 (seldom less than 2) dm.
Stems

simple or branching.

Leaves

to 30 cm;

blade sometimes sparsely setose abaxially on midrib;

margins usually shallowly to deeply toothed.

to 12 cm;

petiole 1/2-3/4 length of leaf;

blade green to gray-green on both surfaces, lanceolate, 1-2x-lobed with 2-3 pairs of primary lateral lobes;

surfaces hirsute, sometimes densely so, with long white trichomes;

primary lobes lanceolate, mostly divided, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate, frequently bristle-tipped.

Inflorescences

peduncle often sparsely setose.

scapes erect, straight, generally longer than 20 cm, glabrate to hispid.

Flowers

petals white, pink, red, or purple, often with dark or pale basal spot, to 6 cm;

anthers pale yellow;

stigmas 5-18, disc ± flat.

to 3.5 cm diam.;

petals yellow, sometimes distally tinged with pink;

anthers yellow;

stigmas 5-7, disc convex.

Capsules

stipitate, subglobose, not ribbed, to 9 cm, glaucous.

oblong-ellipsoid, to 2 cm, 1-2.5 times longer than broad, strigose with brown trichomes.

2n

= 42 (as P. hultenii), 56.

Papaver somniferum

Papaver lapponicum

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Fields, clearings, stream banks, railroads, roadsides, and other disturbed sites Mesic tundra and in sand and gravel of floodplain terraces and shorelines
Elevation 0-1300 m (0-4300 ft) 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CT; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; TX; UT; VA; VT; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC; SK; Greenland; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; BC; NF; NT; QC; YT; Eurasia (northernmost Norway and Russia)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Unknown in the wild, Papaver somniferum probably came originally from southeastern Europe and/or southwestern Asia. It has been cultivated for centuries as the source of opium (and its modern derivatives heroin, morphine, and codeine), and also for edible seeds and oil. Various color forms with laciniate and/or doubled petals are grown for ornament. Widely introduced from cultivation and also as a crop weed, it should be expected elsewhere in the flora.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

We recognize Papaver lapponicum in a much narrower sense than did G. Knaben (1959). Much further study is needed to assess the relationships of North American populations with several taxa from the Russian Far East. Plants with rose-colored petals have been distinguished as A. lapponicum var. salmonicolor (P. alboroseum of some authors, not Hultén). Such specimens from arctic Alaska appear to be the same as P. shamurinii Petrovsky from Russia. Knowledge of P. lapponicum from Greenland, where evidently it also occurs, is inadequate to permit an accurate account of its distribution there.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Papaver Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Meconella
Sibling taxa
P. alboroseum, P. argemone, P. californicum, P. dubium, P. gorodkovii, P. hybridum, P. lapponicum, P. macounii, P. mcconnellii, P. nudicaule, P. orientale, P. pygmaeum, P. radicatum, P. rhoeas, P. walpolei
P. alboroseum, P. argemone, P. californicum, P. dubium, P. gorodkovii, P. hybridum, P. macounii, P. mcconnellii, P. nudicaule, P. orientale, P. pygmaeum, P. radicatum, P. rhoeas, P. somniferum, P. walpolei
Synonyms P. radicatum subsp. lapponicum, P. hultenii, P. hultenii var. salmonicolor
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 508. (1753) (Tolmatchew) Nordhagen: Bergens Mus. Årbok 2: 45. (1931)
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