Papaver somniferum |
Papaver alboroseum |
|
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common garden poppy, common poppy, opium poppy, pavot (commun) |
pale poppy |
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Habit | Plants to 15 dm, glabrate, glaucous. | Plants cespitose, to 1.5 dm. |
Stems | simple or branching. |
|
Leaves | to 30 cm; blade sometimes sparsely setose abaxially on midrib; margins usually shallowly to deeply toothed. |
to 4 cm; petiole 1/2 length of leaf or less; blade gray-green on both surfaces, broadly lanceolate, 1-2x-lobed with 1 or 2 pairs of primary lateral lobes, white- to brown-setose; primary lobes obovate to strap-shaped, margins sometimes toothed, apex obtuse-rounded to acute, bristle-tipped. |
Inflorescences | peduncle often sparsely setose. |
scapes often decumbent, bowed, spreading-hispid. |
Flowers | petals white, pink, red, or purple, often with dark or pale basal spot, to 6 cm; anthers pale yellow; stigmas 5-18, disc ± flat. |
to 2.5 cm diam.; petals white to rose with yellow basal spot; anthers yellow; stigmas 5-7, disc convex. |
Capsules | stipitate, subglobose, not ribbed, to 9 cm, glaucous. |
subglobose to ellipsoid, to 1.3 cm, 1-2 times longer than broad, strigose, trichomes light (ivory). |
2n | = 28. |
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Papaver somniferum |
Papaver alboroseum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Fields, clearings, stream banks, railroads, roadsides, and other disturbed sites | Rocky tundra of ridges and mountain summits, ash and cinder slopes, and in sand and gravel of glacial outwash and river flood plains |
Elevation | 0-1300 m (0-4300 ft) | 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CT; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; TX; UT; VA; VT; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC; SK; Greenland; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America]
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AK; BC; YT; Asia (Russian Far East, Kamchatka) |
Discussion | Unknown in the wild, Papaver somniferum probably came originally from southeastern Europe and/or southwestern Asia. It has been cultivated for centuries as the source of opium (and its modern derivatives heroin, morphine, and codeine), and also for edible seeds and oil. Various color forms with laciniate and/or doubled petals are grown for ornament. Widely introduced from cultivation and also as a crop weed, it should be expected elsewhere in the flora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Papaver alboroseum is infrequent at scattered localities on high mountains within the area mapped. It is locally and unusually abundant in gravels below the terminus of the Portage Glacier, near Anchorage, Alaska. Reports of its presence in arctic Alaska are based on misidentifications of P. lapponicum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Papaver | Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Meconella |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 508. (1753) | Hultén: Fl. Kamtchatka 2: 141, plate 3, fig. c. (1928) |
Web links |
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