FNA: Papaver rhoeas vs. Papaver gorodkovii

	Papaver rhoeas	Papaver gorodkovii
	amapola, common poppy, coquelicot, corn poppy, field poppy, flanders poppy	arctic poppy
Habit	Plants to 8 dm, hispid to setulose.	Plants cespitose, sometimes densly so, to 1.5 dm.
Stems	simple or usually branching.
Leaves	to 15 cm; distal often somewhat clustered.	to 5 cm; petiole 1/2-3/4 length of leaf; blade light green abaxially, dark green adaxially, lanceolate, 1x-lobed with 1, occasionally 2, pairs of lateral lobes, hirsute; terminal lobe occasionally with small secondary lobes, apex obtuse, rounded.
Inflorescences	peduncle sparsely to moderately spreading-hispid throughout.	scapes erect, sparsely to densely hispid.
Flowers	petals white, pink, orange, or red, often with dark basal spot, to 3.5 cm; anthers bluish; stigmas 5-18, disc ± flat.	to 3.5 cm diam.; petals yellow or white; anthers yellow; stigmas 5-6, disc flat.
Capsules	sessile or substipitate, turbinate to subglobose, obscurely ribbed, to 2 cm, less than 2 times longer than broad.	subglobose to obconic, to 1.2 cm, 1-2.5 times longer than broad, densely hirsute, trichomes dark brown or black.

	Papaver rhoeas	Papaver gorodkovii
Phenology	Flowering spring–summer.	Flowering Jul-early Aug.
Habitat	Fields, pastures, stream banks, railroads, roadsides, and other disturbed sites	Well-drained gravels of floodplain terraces and coastal arctic screes
Elevation	0-2000 m [0-6600 ft]	0-100 m [0-300 ft]
Distribution	AK; CA; CT; DC; IA; ID; IL; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WV; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America] [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	AK; Asia (Russian Far East) [BONAP county map]
Discussion	J. W. Kadereit (1990) suggested that Papaver rhoeas originated on the east coast of the Mediterranean, probably derived from one or more of the other species of the section that are native in that region, and only after (and because) "suitable habitats in sufficient extent were provided by man." Various forms with pale pink or white, unspotted, sometimes doubled petals are grown for ornament, notably the Shirley poppies. In North America, the species escapes from cultivation fairly readily and has been introduced also as a crop weed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	According to A. I. Tolmatchew and V. V. Petrovsky (1975), this species is known in Alaska also from the Seward Peninsula, presumably based on a specimen at LE (St. Petersburg), which we have not seen. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 3.	FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa	Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Rhoeadium	Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Meconella
Sibling taxa	P. alboroseum, P. argemone, P. californicum, P. dubium, P. gorodkovii, P. hybridum, P. lapponicum, P. macounii, P. mcconnellii, P. nudicaule, P. orientale, P. pygmaeum, P. radicatum, P. somniferum, P. walpolei	P. alboroseum, P. argemone, P. californicum, P. dubium, P. hybridum, P. lapponicum, P. macounii, P. mcconnellii, P. nudicaule, P. orientale, P. pygmaeum, P. radicatum, P. rhoeas, P. somniferum, P. walpolei
Name authority	Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 507. (1753)	Tolmatchew & Petrovsky: Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58: 1128, fig. 1. (1973)
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, Go Botany, IL Wildflowers, LA Plants, MD Biodiversity, MI Flora, MN Wildflowers, MO Plants, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Papaver gorodkovii

amapola, common poppy, coquelicot, corn poppy, field poppy, flanders poppy

arctic poppy

Habit

Plants to 8 dm, hispid to setulose.

Plants cespitose, sometimes densly so, to 1.5 dm.

Stems

simple or usually branching.

Leaves

to 15 cm;

distal often somewhat clustered.

to 5 cm;

petiole 1/2-3/4 length of leaf;

blade light green abaxially, dark green adaxially, lanceolate, 1x-lobed with 1, occasionally 2, pairs of lateral lobes, hirsute;

terminal lobe occasionally with small secondary lobes, apex obtuse, rounded.

Inflorescences

peduncle sparsely to moderately spreading-hispid throughout.

scapes erect, sparsely to densely hispid.

Flowers

petals white, pink, orange, or red, often with dark basal spot, to 3.5 cm;

anthers bluish;

stigmas 5-18, disc ± flat.

to 3.5 cm diam.;

petals yellow or white;

anthers yellow;

stigmas 5-6, disc flat.

Capsules

sessile or substipitate, turbinate to subglobose, obscurely ribbed, to 2 cm, less than 2 times longer than broad.

subglobose to obconic, to 1.2 cm, 1-2.5 times longer than broad, densely hirsute, trichomes dark brown or black.

Papaver gorodkovii

Phenology

Flowering spring–summer.

Flowering Jul-early Aug.

Habitat

Fields, pastures, stream banks, railroads, roadsides, and other disturbed sites

Well-drained gravels of floodplain terraces and coastal arctic screes

Elevation

0-2000 m [0-6600 ft]

0-100 m [0-300 ft]

Distribution

AK; CA; CT; DC; IA; ID; IL; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WV; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America]

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

AK; Asia (Russian Far East)

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

J. W. Kadereit (1990) suggested that Papaver rhoeas originated on the east coast of the Mediterranean, probably derived from one or more of the other species of the section that are native in that region, and only after (and because) "suitable habitats in sufficient extent were provided by man." Various forms with pale pink or white, unspotted, sometimes doubled petals are grown for ornament, notably the Shirley poppies. In North America, the species escapes from cultivation fairly readily and has been introduced also as a crop weed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

According to A. I. Tolmatchew and V. V. Petrovsky (1975), this species is known in Alaska also from the Seward Peninsula, presumably based on a specimen at LE (St. Petersburg), which we have not seen.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 3.

Parent taxa

Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Rhoeadium

Papaveraceae > Papaver > sect. Meconella

Sibling taxa

P. alboroseum, P. argemone, P. californicum, P. dubium, P. gorodkovii, P. hybridum, P. lapponicum, P. macounii, P. mcconnellii, P. nudicaule, P. orientale, P. pygmaeum, P. radicatum, P. somniferum, P. walpolei

P. alboroseum, P. argemone, P. californicum, P. dubium, P. hybridum, P. lapponicum, P. macounii, P. mcconnellii, P. nudicaule, P. orientale, P. pygmaeum, P. radicatum, P. rhoeas, P. somniferum, P. walpolei

Name authority

Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 507. (1753)

Tolmatchew & Petrovsky: Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58: 1128, fig. 1. (1973)

Web links

Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA
Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, Go Botany, IL Wildflowers, LA Plants, MD Biodiversity, MI Flora, MN Wildflowers, MO Plants, PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist (observations)
USDA Plants Database
LBJ Wildflower Center
SEINet
Plants of the World Online
Encyclopedia of Life
Wikipedia
Google Image Search

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

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Papaver rhoeas

Papaver gorodkovii

Papaver rhoeas

Papaver gorodkovii