Panicum verrucosum |
Panicum subg. Phanopyrum |
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warty panicgrass |
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Habit | Plants annual; weak, ascending or sprawling. | Plants annual or perennial, if perennial, growth habit various. |
Culms | 10-150 cm, slender, wiry, erect at first, ultimately decumbent, sprawling, glabrous, often with purple dots and streaks, branching extensively at the base, rooting at the lower nodes. |
erect or decumbent, sometimes succulent or robust. |
Sheaths | often shorter than the internodes, loose, glabrous, margins short-ciliate; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm, membranous, erose, ciliate; blades 5-20 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, thin, flat, glabrous on both surfaces, margins scabridulous, apices long-acuminate. |
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Panicles | 5-30 cm, nearly as wide as long; branches few, capillary, with a few spikelets distally; pedicels 0.5-10 mm. |
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Spikelets | 1.7-2.2 mm long, about 1 mm wide, ellipsoid or obovoid, glabrous, faintly veined, subacute or obtuse at the apices. |
ovoid, ellipsoid, or obovoid, glabrous, pilose, or tuberculate. |
Lower glumes | 0.3-0.8 mm, reduced, acute; upper glumes and lower lemmas subequal or the glumes shorter, distinctly verrucose, with hemispheric warts; upper florets 1.6-2 mm long, about 1 mm wide, grayish-brown, dull, minutely papillose, acute. |
1/5 - 4/5 as long as the spikelets, usually 3-veined; upper glumes and lower lemmas usually 5-veined (rarely 7- or 9-veined); lower florets sterile or staminate; lower paleas present or absent; upper florets sometimes stipitate, indurate to membranous, smooth and shiny, or rugose, or finely pubescent, or with paired glands, x = 9 or 10, with some polyploids. |
Ligules | membranous, membranous and ciliate, or lacerate; blades with the vascular bundles surrounded by 2 thick-walled sheaths, outer sheaths parenchymatous, chloroplasts few and unspecialized or absent. |
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Photosynthesis | C3. |
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2n | = 36. |
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Panicum verrucosum |
Panicum subg. Phanopyrum |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
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Discussion | Panicum verrucosum grows primarily in open, moist or wet sandy areas bordering swamps, marshes, or lakes or on roadside ditches; it also grows occasionally in open, drier woodlands. It is restricted to the eastern United States and is mostly, but not exclusively, coastal. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Panicum subg. Phanopyrum is most abundant in wet forests of warm temperate and tropical regions. In the Western Hemisphere, its range extends from the southern United States through South America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 487. | FNA vol. 25, p. 482. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Panicum > subg. Phanopyrum > sect. Verrucosa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Panicum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. debile | |
Name authority | Muhl. | (Raf.) Pilg. |
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