Panicum verrucosum
Panicum antidotale
warty panicgrass
blue panic, blue panic grass, blue panicum
10-150 cm, slender, wiry, erect at first, ultimately decumbent, sprawling, glabrous, often with purple dots and streaks, branching extensively at the base, rooting at the lower nodes.
50-300 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, often compressed, erect or ascending, hard, becoming almost woody;
nodes swollen, glabrous or pubescent;
internodes glabrous, glaucous.
often shorter than the internodes, loose, glabrous, margins short-ciliate;
ligules 0.2-0.5 mm, membranous, erose, ciliate;
blades 5-20 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, thin, flat, glabrous on both surfaces, margins scabridulous, apices long-acuminate.
not keeled, shorter than or equal to the internodes, glabrous or the lower sheaths at least partially pubescent, hairs papillose-based;
ligules 0.3-1.5 mm;
blades 10-60 cm long, 3-20 mm wide, elongate, flat, abaxial surfaces and margins scabrous, adaxial surfaces occasionally pubescent near the base, with prominent, white midveins, bases rounded to narrowed.
5-30 cm, nearly as wide as long;
branches few, capillary, with a few spikelets distally;
pedicels 0.5-10 mm.
10-45 cm, to 1/2 as wide as long, open or somewhat contracted, with many spikelets;
branches 4-12 cm, opposite or alternate, ascending to spreading;
pedicels 0.3-2.5 mm, scabridulous to scabrous, appressed to diverging less than 45° from the branch axes.
1.7-2.2 mm long, about 1 mm wide, ellipsoid or obovoid, glabrous, faintly veined, subacute or obtuse at the apices.
2.4-3.4 mm long, 1-1.3 mm wide, ellipsoid-lanceoloid to narrowly ovoid, often purplish, glabrous, acute.
0.3-0.8 mm, reduced, acute;
upper glumes and lower lemmas subequal or the glumes shorter, distinctly verrucose, with hemispheric warts;
upper florets 1.6-2 mm long, about 1 mm wide, grayish-brown, dull, minutely papillose, acute.
1.4-2.2 mm, 1/3 – 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 3-5-veined, obtuse;
upper glumes and lower lemmas subequal, glabrous, 5-9-veined, margins scarious, acute;
lower florets staminate;
upper florets 1.8-2.8 mm long, 0.9-1.1 mm wide, smooth, lustrous, acute.
= 36.
= 18, 36.
Panicum verrucosum
Panicum antidotale
Panicum verrucosum grows primarily in open, moist or wet sandy areas bordering swamps, marshes, or lakes or on roadside ditches; it also grows occasionally in open, drier woodlands. It is restricted to the eastern United States and is mostly, but not exclusively, coastal.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Panicum antidotale is native to India. It is grown in the Flora region as a forage grass, primarily in the southwestern United States. It is now established in the region, being found in open, disturbed areas and fields.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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