Panicum philadelphicum |
Panicum plenum |
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panic de philadelphie, Philadelphia panic grass, Philadelphia witchgrass |
canyon panicgrass |
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Habit | Plants annual; hirsute, hairs papillose-based, usually yellow-green to green, sometimes purplish. | Plants perennial; cespitose, rhizomatous, rhizomes long. | ||||||||
Culms | 8-100 cm tall, about 1 mm thick, erect to decumbent, simple to profusely branched; nodes sparsely to densely pilose. |
50-200 cm, strongly compressed, decumbent-erect, glaucous; nodes glabrous. |
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Sheaths | keeled, glabrous or pubescent near the throat, upper sheaths much shorter than the internodes; ligules 0.5-2 mm, membranous, dissected ciliate; blades 20-35 cm long, 7-17 mm wide, flat, glabrous on both surfaces or the adaxial surfaces sparsely pilose. |
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Leaves | often crowded basally; sheaths rounded, usually longer than the internodes, hispid, hairs papillose-based, to 5 mm; ligules 0.5-1.5 mm; blades 3-30 cm long, 2-12 mm wide, linear, ascending to erect, flat, hirsute to sparsely pilose, greenish or purplish, bases truncate to subcordate and ciliate on the margins, apices acute. |
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Panicles | 7-27 cm long, 4-24 cm wide, 1/4 - 1/3 as long as the plants, diffuse, usually exserted at anthesis, not breaking at the base of the peduncles to become a tumbleweed; rachises glabrous or sparsely pilose basally; primary branches spreading, secondary branches and pedicels confined to the distal 2/3 secondary branches diverging to appressed, with 1-4 spikelets; pedicels 3-15 mm, spreading to appressed, scabrous or hirsute; pulvini glabrous or pilose. |
12-50 cm, about 2/3 as wide, open; primary branches spreading, often verticillate at the lower nodes; pedicels 0.2-4 mm, scabrous, spreading. |
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Spikelets | 1.4-2.4 mm long, 0.5-0.7 mm wide, usually green, glabrous. |
2.5-3.4 mm long, about 1.2 mm wide, ellipsoid, glabrous. |
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Lower glumes | 0.5-0.9 mm, usually less than 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 3-4-veined, truncate to acuminate; upper glumes 1.6-2 mm, 7-veined, veins not prominent; lower lemmas 1.6-1.9 mm, 7-9-veined, veins not prominent; lower paleas absent; lower florets sterile; upper florets 1.5-1.7 mm long, about 0.4 mm wide, often dark brown, sometimes disarticulating, apices minutely papillose. |
usually shorter than 1.7 mm, up to 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 3-veined, subacute; upper glumes and lower lemmas subequal, scarcely longer than the upper florets, 5-veined; lower florets sterile or staminate; upper florets 2.9-3 mm long, about 1 mm wide, ellipsoid, glabrous, dull, pale, obscurely transversely rugose, apices minutely pubescent. |
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2n | = 18. |
= unknown. |
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Panicum philadelphicum |
Panicum plenum |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
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Discussion | Panicum philadelphicum grows in open areas such as fallow fields, roadside ditches, receding shores, and rock crevices. It is restricted to the eastern part of the Flora region. It intergrades with P. capillare, possibly as a result of hybridization, especially in the southeastern United States. Seeds germinating on receding shores in late summer often produce tiny plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Panicum plenum grows in moist places in canyons, along streams, and on mountain slopes, from Arizona and Texas to central Mexico. It appears to be closely related to P. bulbosum. Flowering is from July into October. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 459. | FNA vol. 25, p. 482. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Panicum > subg. Panicum > sect. Panicum | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Panicum > subg. Agrostoidea > sect. Bulbosa | ||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | P. tuckermanii | |||||||||
Name authority | Bernh. ex Trin. | Hitchc. & Chase | ||||||||
Web links |