Panicum miliaceum |
Panicum lacustre |
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broom-corn millet, broomcorn, hog millet, millet, millet commun, panic millet, proso millet |
cypress-swamp panicum, lakeshore panicgrass |
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Habit | Plants annual; sometimes branching from the lower nodes. | Plants perennial; emergent aquatic or terrestrial, rooting at the lower nodes. | ||||
Culms | 20-210 cm, stout, not woody; nodes puberulent; internodes usually with papillose-based hairs, sometimes nearly glabrous, not succulent. |
100-150 cm, erect, succulent, with short innovations; nodes glabrous; internodes glabrous. |
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Sheaths | compressed, not keeled, overlapping but narrow, exposing the nodes, bladeless and glabrous or sparsely pilose below the water; ligules 1-2 mm, membranous, ciliate; blades 1-30 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, narrow, linear, flat or folded, abaxial surfaces sparsely pubescent, adaxial surfaces sparsely pilose. |
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Leaves | numerous; sheaths terete, densely pilose, with papillose-based and caducous hairs; ligules membranous, ciliate, cilia 1-3 mm; blades 15-40 cm long, 7-25 mm wide. |
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Panicles | 6-20 cm long, 4-11 cm wide, included or shortly exserted at maturity, dense; branches stiff, appressed to spreading, spikelets solitary, confined to the distal portions; pedicels 1-9 mm, scabrous and sparsely pilose. |
10-30 cm, open, with many spikelets; primary branches fascicled at the base of the panicles, solitary and distant distally; pedicels 1-4 mm, sharply 3-angled, appressed. |
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Spikelets | 4-6 mm, ovoid, usually glabrous. |
2-2.2 mm, glabrous. |
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Lower glumes | 2.8-3.6 mm, 1/2 - 3/4 as long as the spikelets, 5-7-veined, veins scabridulous distally, apices attenuate; upper glumes 4-5.1 mm, slightly exceeding the upper florets, 11-13(15)-veined, veins scabridulous distally; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas 4-4.8 mm, slightly exceeding the upper florets, 9-13-veined, veins scabridulous distally; lower paleas 1.2-1.6 mm, 1/2 or less the length of the upper florets, truncate to bilobed; upper florets 3-3.8 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, smooth or striate, more or less shiny, stramineous to orange, red-brown, or blackish, persisting in the spikelets or disarticulating at maturity. |
truncate to broadly triangular, 1/4 as long as the spikelets, 3-veined; lower paleas absent; upper glumes and lower lemmas equal, slightly exceeding the upper florets, 5- or 7-veined, pointed; lower florets sterile; upper florets relatively thin, smooth. |
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2n | = 36, 40, 42, 49, 54, 72. |
= unknown. |
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Panicum miliaceum |
Panicum lacustre |
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Distribution |
AL; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WY; HI; PR; AB; BC; LB; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Virgin Islands
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FL |
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Discussion | Panicum miliaceum is native to Asia, where it has been cultivated for thousands of years. In the Flora region, it is grown for bird seed and is occasionally planted for game birds. It is also found in corn fields and along roadsides. In Asia, P. miliaceum is still grown for fodder and as a cereal, its fast germination and short growth period enabling it to be sown following a spring crop. It also has one of the lowest water requirements of any cereal grain. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Panicum lacustre grows in shallow water or wet soil at the edge of cypress ponds in the Everglades of southern Florida. It also grows in Cuba. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 456. | FNA vol. 25, p. 467. | ||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Panicum > subg. Panicum > sect. Panicum | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Panicum > subg. Panicum > sect. Dichotomiflora | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | L. | Hitchc. & Ekman | ||||
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