Panicum miliaceum |
Panicum hirticaule |
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broom-corn millet, broomcorn, hog millet, millet, millet commun, panic millet, proso millet |
Mexican panicgrass, roughstalk witchgrass, roughstalk wltchgrass, woodland panic |
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Habit | Plants annual; sometimes branching from the lower nodes. | Plants annual; glabrous or hispid, hairs papillose-based. | ||||||||||||
Culms | 20-210 cm, stout, not woody; nodes puberulent; internodes usually with papillose-based hairs, sometimes nearly glabrous, not succulent. |
11-110 cm, erect to decumbent; nodes shortly hirsute or glabrous. |
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Sheaths | shorter than the internodes, greenish to purplish, glabrous or with papillose-based hairs, ciliate on 1 margin, glabrous on the other; collars hirsute; ligules 1.5-3.5 mm, of hairs; blades 3-30 cm long, 3-30 mm wide, flat, usually hirsute or sparsely pubescent, hairs papillose-based, sometimes glabrous, bases rounded to cordate-clasping, margins ciliate, cilia papillose-based, apices acute. |
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Leaves | numerous; sheaths terete, densely pilose, with papillose-based and caducous hairs; ligules membranous, ciliate, cilia 1-3 mm; blades 15-40 cm long, 7-25 mm wide. |
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Panicles | 6-20 cm long, 4-11 cm wide, included or shortly exserted at maturity, dense; branches stiff, appressed to spreading, spikelets solitary, confined to the distal portions; pedicels 1-9 mm, scabrous and sparsely pilose. |
9-30 cm long, 5-8 cm wide, erect or nodding, partially included to well-exserted, rachises glabrous or sparsely hispid basally; primary branches usually alternate to opposite, divergent, secondary branches and pedicels confined to the distal 2/3; pulvini inconspicuous; secondary branches appressed; pedicels 9-27 mm, appressed. |
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Spikelets | 4-6 mm, ovoid, usually glabrous. |
1.9-4 mm long, 0.8-1 mm wide, ovoid to almost spherical, often reddish-brown, glabrous, veins prominent, scabridulous, apices abruptly acuminate. |
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Lower glumes | 2.8-3.6 mm, 1/2 - 3/4 as long as the spikelets, 5-7-veined, veins scabridulous distally, apices attenuate; upper glumes 4-5.1 mm, slightly exceeding the upper florets, 11-13(15)-veined, veins scabridulous distally; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas 4-4.8 mm, slightly exceeding the upper florets, 9-13-veined, veins scabridulous distally; lower paleas 1.2-1.6 mm, 1/2 or less the length of the upper florets, truncate to bilobed; upper florets 3-3.8 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, smooth or striate, more or less shiny, stramineous to orange, red-brown, or blackish, persisting in the spikelets or disarticulating at maturity. |
1.3-2.4 mm, 1/2 - 3/4 as long as the spikelets, 3-5-veined; upper glumes 1.8-3.3 mm, 7-11-veined; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes, 9-veined; lower paleas 0.4-0.9 mm; upper florets 1.5-2.4 mm long, 0.4-0.8 mm wide, ellipsoid, smooth or conspicuously papillate, shiny, stramineous, often with a lunate scar at the base. |
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2n | = 36, 40, 42, 49, 54, 72. |
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Panicum miliaceum |
Panicum hirticaule |
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Distribution |
AL; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WY; HI; PR; AB; BC; LB; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Virgin Islands
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AZ; CA; NM; NV; OK; TX; WA
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Discussion | Panicum miliaceum is native to Asia, where it has been cultivated for thousands of years. In the Flora region, it is grown for bird seed and is occasionally planted for game birds. It is also found in corn fields and along roadsides. In Asia, P. miliaceum is still grown for fodder and as a cereal, its fast germination and short growth period enabling it to be sown following a spring crop. It also has one of the lowest water requirements of any cereal grain. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Panicum hirticaule grows in rocky or sandy soils in waste places, roadsides, ravines, and wet meadows along streams. Its range extends from southeastern California and southwestern Texas southward through Mexico, Central America, Cuba, and Hispaniola to western South America and Argentina. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 456. | FNA vol. 25, p. 460. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Panicum > subg. Panicum > sect. Panicum | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Panicum > subg. Panicum > sect. Panicum | ||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | P. pampinosum | |||||||||||||
Name authority | L. | J. Presl | ||||||||||||
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