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threetooth ragwort

dwarf arctic butterweed, high alpine butterweed, northwestern groundsel

Habit Perennials, 10–30+ cm; taprooted (caudices ascending to erect). Perennials, 4–10+ cm; rhizomatous and/or fibrous-rooted (mat-forming, bases ascending to erect, coarse).
Stems

1 or multiple, clustered, usually glabrous, rarely sparsely floccose-tomentose, leaf axils sometimes tomentose.

1 or 2–3, clustered, bases floccose-tomentose, leaf axils tomentose, glabrous elsewhere.

Basal leaves

(and proximal cauline, relatively thick and turgid) petiolate;

blades lanceolate or narrowly oblanceolate, 20–40+ × 5–15 mm, bases tapering, margins usually entire, sometimes sub-pinnatisect (apices subentire or dentate).

(thick, fleshy) petiolate;

blades usually ovate, oblong, or spatulate, sometimes sublyrate, 20–50+ × 20–40+ mm, bases tapering (to winged petioles) or abruptly contracted to subcordate (petioles narrow), margins crenate, coarsely serrate, or subentire.

Cauline leaves

gradually reduced (± petiolate or sessile).

(often cyanic) gradually reduced (sessile, not clasping; lanceolate to linear, usually irregularly and shallowly lobed, rarely entire).

Peduncles

bracteate, glabrous or sparsely tomentose.

conspicuously bracteate, glabrous.

Ray florets

8–10(–13);

corolla laminae 5–8+ mm.

10–12;

corolla laminae 8–14+ mm.

Disc florets

45–60+;

corolla tubes 3–3.5 mm, limbs 4–5 mm.

55–75+;

corolla tubes 2.5–3.5 mm, limbs 3–4 mm.

Phyllaries

13 or 21, green, 6–10 mm, sparsely tomentose proximally, glabrous distally.

21, deep red or green (tips reddish), 8–12+ mm, white-tomentose proximally.

Calyculi

inconspicuous.

conspicuous (tips of bractlets often purple).

Heads

4–15+ in corymbiform arrays.

1–2(–5+).

Cypselae

1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely hirtellous on ribs;

pappi 5–6 mm.

1–1.25 mm, glabrous;

pappi 4–7 mm.

2n

= 46.

= 160+.

Packera tridenticulata

Packera contermina

Phenology Flowering late May–early Jul. Flowering early Jul–late Aug.
Habitat Open, dry areas, roadsides, gravelly or sandy slopes, short-grass prairies or sagebrush scrubs Subalpine or alpine, open areas, rocky slopes or ravines, moist tundra or snowbeds
Elevation 1000–2000 m (3300–6600 ft) 2100–3000 m (6900–9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; KS; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
MT; WA; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Packera tridenticulata is found throughout the central High Plains, in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, and in high valleys to the west of the Rocky Mountain front. It tends to grow in clumps; the multiple stems arise from well-developed taproots. It apparently hybridizes with P. neomexicana var. mutabilis where their ranges overlap.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Packera contermina grows in rocky areas and produces relatively short rhizomes and abundant thin fibrous roots. In mesic sites, the rhizomes are more robust and the fibrous roots are fewer. This taxon has been treated as part of P. cymbalaria or P. subnuda. Morphologic and cytologic data lend support to its recognition at species rank.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 601. FNA vol. 20, p. 582.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera
Sibling taxa
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. werneriifolia
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
Synonyms Senecio tridenticulatus, Senecio acutidens, Senecio compactus, Senecio densus, Senecio oblanceolatus Senecio conterminus
Name authority (Rydberg) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 48. (1981) (Greenman) J. F. Bain: Novon 9: 457. (1999)
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