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plains butterweed, prairie groundsel

splitleaf groundsel

Habit Biennials or perennials, 20–60+ cm; rhizomatous and/or fibrous-rooted (bases erect to suberect), sometimes stoloniferous (mostly eastern populations). Perennials, 10–30+ cm; fibrous-rooted (caudices horizontal to erect, relatively short and stout).
Stems

1 or 2–3, clustered, floccose-tomentose proximally and in leaf axils, otherwise sparsely tomentose or glabrescent.

usually 1, rarely 2–3, clustered, glabrous.

Basal leaves

(and proximal cauline) petiolate;

blades narrowly elliptic to elliptic-ovate or oblanceolate to suborbiculate or sublyrate, 20–70+ × 10–30+ mm, bases tapering to rounded or abruptly contracted, margins subentire to crenate, serrate-dentate, or pinnately lobed (abaxial faces floccose-tomentose, especially along midribs, ± glabrescent).

(relatively thick and turgid) petiolate (petioles broad-winged or narrow, delicate);

blades ovate, ovate-orbiculate, oblong-lanceolate, orbiculate, suborbiculate, reniform, or subreniform, 10–50+ × 10–40 mm, bases tapering or subcordate to abruptly contracted, margins entire or crenate.

Cauline leaves

gradually reduced (petiolate, sublyrate or pinnatisect, abaxial faces sparsely hairy; distals sessile, subentire to irregularly dissected).

gradually reduced (proximal and mid sometimes as large as or larger than basal, sessile, oblanceolate to obovate, sometimes lyrate, sometimes auriculate and/or clasping, subentire to irregularly dissected; distal usually sessile, bractlike, sometimes larger).

Peduncles

conspicuously bracteate, sparsely to densely tomentose.

inconspicuously bracteate or ebracteate, glabrous.

Ray florets

8–10;

corolla laminae 9–10 mm.

8 or 13;

corolla laminae (deep yellow to orange) 5–8+ mm.

Disc florets

60–70+;

corolla tubes 2.5–3.5 mm, limbs 3.5–4.5 mm.

45–60+;

corolla tubes 2–3 mm, limbs 2.5–3.5 mm.

Phyllaries

13 or 21, green (tips sometimes cyanic), 5–6+ mm, densely tomentose proximally, glabrescent distally.

(8–)13 or 21, green (tips cyanic), 5–7+ mm, glabrous.

Calyculi

inconspicuous.

conspicuous (bases of bractlets swollen).

Heads

6–20+ in open or congested, corymbiform arrays.

1–6+ in congested, corymbiform or subumbelliform arrays.

Cypselae

1.5–2.5 mm, usually hirtellous, sometimes glabrous;

pappi 6.5–7.5 mm.

0.75–1.5 mm, glabrous, pappi 3–4 mm.

2n

= 46, 92.

= 46.

Packera plattensis

Packera dimorphophylla

Phenology Flowering mid Apr–early Jun(–mid Jul, north).
Habitat Prairies, meadows, open wooded areas, along highways, railroads, around mining and construction areas, usually on limestone
Elevation 50–1800 m (200–5900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; CO; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; ND; NE; NM; OH; OK; PA; SD; TN; VA; WI; WY; ON; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Packera plattensis is abundant, widespread, and almost weedy. Putative hybrids with other species are known. Plants in mesic, remnant prairies in the east are sometimes stoloniferous.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaves: petioles broad-winged, blades ovate to oblong-lanceolate, bases tapering; stems usually not branched
var. dimorphophylla
1. Basal leaves: petioles narrowly, if at all winged, blades suborbiculate, orbiculate, ovate-orbiculate, subreniform, or reniform, bases subcordate to abruptly contracted; stems branched or not branched
→ 2
2. Plants 30–50 cm; stems not branched; petiole lengths 1–3 times blades; Utah
var. intermedia
2. Plants 10–35 cm; stems frequently 1–3 times branched; petiole lengths 1–2 times blades; Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Wyoming
var. paysonii
Source FNA vol. 20, p. 596. FNA vol. 20, p. 584.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera
Sibling taxa
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
Subordinate taxa
P. dimorphophylla var. dimorphophylla, P. dimorphophylla var. intermedia, P. dimorphophylla var. paysonii
Synonyms Senecio plattensis, Senecio pseudotomentosus Senecio dimorphophyllus
Name authority (Nuttall) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 48. (1981) (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 46. (1981)
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