Packera paupercula |
Packera macounii |
|
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balsam groundsel, Canadian butterweed |
long-ray groundsel, Macoun's butterweed, Macoun's groundsel, Puget butterweed, Siskiyou Mountain ragwort, Siskiyou Mountains ragwort |
|
Habit | Perennials, 20–45+ cm; subrhizomatous (bases weakly branched, ascending to erect). | Perennials, 30–40+ cm; taprooted (caudices ± branched, becoming rhizomiform). |
Stems | 1 or 2–4, loosely clustered, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally. |
1, sparsely to densely tomentose or glabrescent. |
Basal leaves | petiolate; blades lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, 30–60+ × 10–20+ mm, bases tapering, sometimes obtuse, margins subentire to dentate or serrate. |
(and proximal) petiolate; blades lanceolate to oblanceolate, 30–50+ × 10–20 mm, bases tapering, margins entire or shallowly toothed (slightly revolute). |
Cauline leaves | gradually reduced (proximals petiolate, sublyrate; mids sessile, not clasping, lanceolate, dissected, incised, or lacerate; distals sessile, bractlike). |
gradually reduced (distal sessile, bractlike). |
Peduncles | usually bracteate, sometimes ebracteate, glabrous. |
inconspicuously bracteate or ebracteate, sparsely tomentose to glabrate. |
Ray florets | 0, 8, or 13; corolla laminae (pale yellow) 5–10+ mm. |
8(–13); corolla laminae 8–10+ mm. |
Disc florets | 50–65+; corolla tubes 2–3 mm, limbs 2–3 mm. |
30–40+; corolla tubes 2.5–3.5 mm, limbs 2–3 mm. |
Phyllaries | 13 or 21, green, 5–8+ mm, glabrous. |
13 or 21, green, 5–7+ mm, glabrous. |
Calyculi | inconspicuous. |
0 or inconspicuous. |
Heads | 2–10+ in loose or compact, corymbiform arrays. |
6–15+ in corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | 1–2 mm, usually glabrous, sometimes hispidulous on ribs; pappi 3.5–4.5 mm. |
1.5–2 mm, glabrous; pappi 4–5 mm. |
2n | = 44, 46, 92. |
= 46, 92. |
Packera paupercula |
Packera macounii |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–late Jun (south), late Jun–early Aug (north). | Flowering early May–early Jul. |
Habitat | Wet meadows, open woodlands, along streams, rocky outcrops | Along streams, roadsides, clearings, disturbed sites, rocky soils, coniferous woodlands |
Elevation | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) | 400–1400 m (1300–4600 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; CO; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SD; TN; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT
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CA; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Ecologically and morphologically, Packera paupercula is the most variable species of the genus in North America. Some “phases” have been treated as separate species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and races. Variation within P. paupercula hints at some interesting evolutionary relationships; characteristics used to separate taxa overlap. Much of the morphologic variation in this species may be due to hybridization and introgression. I do not recognize any of the infraspecific taxa that have been proposed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Packera macounii is similar in overall morphology to P. cana. Leaves of P. macounii are narrower and frequently revolute. It is often cited as being collected on serpentine soils; it is not restricted to them. Senecio fastigiatus Nuttall (1840) is a later homonym of S. fastigiatus Schweinitz ex Elliott (1823), a name of uncertain application. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 595. | FNA vol. 20, p. 591. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera | Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Senecio pauperculus, Senecio balsamitae, Senecio balsamitae var. firmifolius, Senecio balsamitae var. thomsoniensis, Senecio crawfordii, Senecio flavovirens, Senecio gaspensis, Senecio multnomensis, Senecio robbinsii var. subtomentosus, Senecio tweedyi | Senecio macounii, Senecio fastigiatus, Senecio fastigiatus subsp. macounii, Senecio leucocrinus, Senecio ligulifolius, Senecio spatuliformis |
Name authority | (Michaux) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Bot. Not. 128: 520. (1976) | (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 47. (1981) |
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