Packera paupercula |
Packera hartiana |
|
---|---|---|
balsam groundsel, Canadian butterweed |
Hart's ragwort |
|
Habit | Perennials, 20–45+ cm; subrhizomatous (bases weakly branched, ascending to erect). | Perennials, 40–70 cm; fibrous-rooted, sometimes stoloniferous (caudices ascending). |
Stems | 1 or 2–4, loosely clustered, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally. |
1 or 2–3, clustered, bases and leaf axils usually loosely floccose-tomentose, sometimes glabrate. |
Basal leaves | petiolate; blades lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, 30–60+ × 10–20+ mm, bases tapering, sometimes obtuse, margins subentire to dentate or serrate. |
petiolate; blades ovate to obovate or suborbiculate, 30–80 × 20–40+ mm, bases tapering, sometimes obtuse or contracted, margins serrate-dentate to weakly crenate (abaxial faces sometimes hairy). |
Cauline leaves | gradually reduced (proximals petiolate, sublyrate; mids sessile, not clasping, lanceolate, dissected, incised, or lacerate; distals sessile, bractlike). |
gradually reduced (petiolate, often sublyrate, sometimes weakly pinnatisect; mids and distals sessile, pinnatisect to subentire). |
Peduncles | usually bracteate, sometimes ebracteate, glabrous. |
bracteate, loosely tomentose or glabrescent. |
Ray florets | 0, 8, or 13; corolla laminae (pale yellow) 5–10+ mm. |
8 or 13; corolla laminae 5–8 mm. |
Disc florets | 50–65+; corolla tubes 2–3 mm, limbs 2–3 mm. |
50–65+; corolla tubes 2–4 mm, limbs 2.5–3.5 mm. |
Phyllaries | 13 or 21, green, 5–8+ mm, glabrous. |
(13–)21, green, 5–7 mm, glabrous or sparsely tomentose. |
Calyculi | inconspicuous. |
0. |
Heads | 2–10+ in loose or compact, corymbiform arrays. |
3–9+ in open, corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | 1–2 mm, usually glabrous, sometimes hispidulous on ribs; pappi 3.5–4.5 mm. |
1–2 mm, glabrous; pappi 3.5–4.5 mm. |
2n | = 44, 46, 92. |
= 44. |
Packera paupercula |
Packera hartiana |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–late Jun (south), late Jun–early Aug (north). | Flowering mid May–early Jul. |
Habitat | Wet meadows, open woodlands, along streams, rocky outcrops | Meadows or open areas, woodlands, along streams |
Elevation | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) | 1600–2600 m (5200–8500 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; CO; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SD; TN; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT
|
AZ; NM; TX |
Discussion | Ecologically and morphologically, Packera paupercula is the most variable species of the genus in North America. Some “phases” have been treated as separate species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and races. Variation within P. paupercula hints at some interesting evolutionary relationships; characteristics used to separate taxa overlap. Much of the morphologic variation in this species may be due to hybridization and introgression. I do not recognize any of the infraspecific taxa that have been proposed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Packera hartiana resembles both P. paupercula and P. plattensis; it is separated from both on the basis of geography and morphologic characters. New Mexico populations were formerly treated as P. quaerens; the morphologic characters used to separate the two entities vary and overlap. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 595. | FNA vol. 20, p. 589. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera | Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Senecio pauperculus, Senecio balsamitae, Senecio balsamitae var. firmifolius, Senecio balsamitae var. thomsoniensis, Senecio crawfordii, Senecio flavovirens, Senecio gaspensis, Senecio multnomensis, Senecio robbinsii var. subtomentosus, Senecio tweedyi | Senecio hartianus, P. quaerens, S. prionophyllus, S. quaerens |
Name authority | (Michaux) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Bot. Not. 128: 520. (1976) | (A. Heller) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 47. (1981) |
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