Packera paupercula |
Packera cana |
|
---|---|---|
balsam groundsel, Canadian butterweed |
woolly butterweed, woolly groundsel |
|
Habit | Perennials, 20–45+ cm; subrhizomatous (bases weakly branched, ascending to erect). | Perennials, 10–30+ cm; rhizomatous (rhizomes branched, suberect, stout). |
Stems | 1 or 2–4, loosely clustered, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally. |
1 (per rosette, rosettes clustered), densely lanate or canescent. |
Basal leaves | petiolate; blades lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, 30–60+ × 10–20+ mm, bases tapering, sometimes obtuse, margins subentire to dentate or serrate. |
(and proximal cauline) petiolate; blades ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 25–50+ × 10–30 mm, bases tapering, margins entire or irregularly undulate to weakly dentate (abaxial faces persistently lanate, adaxial lanate to subglabrescent). |
Cauline leaves | gradually reduced (proximals petiolate, sublyrate; mids sessile, not clasping, lanceolate, dissected, incised, or lacerate; distals sessile, bractlike). |
gradually reduced (petiolate or sessile, then weakly clasping; elliptic to lanceolate, entire or weakly dentate). |
Peduncles | usually bracteate, sometimes ebracteate, glabrous. |
bracteate, usually densely lanate to floccose-tomentose (sometimes subglabrescent). |
Ray florets | 0, 8, or 13; corolla laminae (pale yellow) 5–10+ mm. |
8–10 (or 13); corolla laminae 8–10+ mm. |
Disc florets | 50–65+; corolla tubes 2–3 mm, limbs 2–3 mm. |
35–50+; corolla tubes 2.5–3.5 mm, limbs 3.5–4.5 mm. |
Phyllaries | 13 or 21, green, 5–8+ mm, glabrous. |
13 or 21, green, 5–8+ mm, densely tomentose. |
Calyculi | inconspicuous. |
inconspicuous (bractlets tomentose). |
Heads | 2–10+ in loose or compact, corymbiform arrays. |
8–15+ in corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | 1–2 mm, usually glabrous, sometimes hispidulous on ribs; pappi 3.5–4.5 mm. |
2.5–3.5+ mm, glabrous; pappi 4.5–7 mm. |
2n | = 44, 46, 92. |
= 46, 92. |
Packera paupercula |
Packera cana |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–late Jun (south), late Jun–early Aug (north). | Flowering late Jun (south)–mid Aug (north). |
Habitat | Wet meadows, open woodlands, along streams, rocky outcrops | Open plains and sagebrush associations, dry rocky slopes and crevices in granitic and limestone outcrops |
Elevation | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) | 200–3700 m (700–12100 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; CO; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SD; TN; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT
|
AZ; CA; CO; ID; KS; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK
|
Discussion | Ecologically and morphologically, Packera paupercula is the most variable species of the genus in North America. Some “phases” have been treated as separate species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and races. Variation within P. paupercula hints at some interesting evolutionary relationships; characteristics used to separate taxa overlap. Much of the morphologic variation in this species may be due to hybridization and introgression. I do not recognize any of the infraspecific taxa that have been proposed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Packera cana is found in a wide variety of habitats and in a wide range of elevations throughout the western Cordillera and into the High Plains. Morphology is relatively uniform throughout its range except that alpine specimens are notably dwarfed and are often mistaken for P. werneriifolia, which differs by its consistently scapiform habit. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 595. | FNA vol. 20, p. 580. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera | Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Senecio pauperculus, Senecio balsamitae, Senecio balsamitae var. firmifolius, Senecio balsamitae var. thomsoniensis, Senecio crawfordii, Senecio flavovirens, Senecio gaspensis, Senecio multnomensis, Senecio robbinsii var. subtomentosus, Senecio tweedyi | Senecio canus, Senecio canus var. eradiatus, Senecio canus var. purshianus, Senecio convallium, Senecio hallii, Senecio hallii var. discoidea, Senecio harbourii, Senecio howellii, Senecio laramiensis, Senecio oreopolus, Senecio purshianus |
Name authority | (Michaux) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Bot. Not. 128: 520. (1976) | (Hooker) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 46. (1981) |
Web links |
|
|