The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

butterweed

northern groundsel

Habit Annuals or biennials, 20–70+ cm; fibrous-rooted (caudices relatively short, weak). Perennials, 6–20+ cm; fibrous-rooted or rhizomatous (rhizomes horizontal to suberect, stout).
Stems

1 (striated, frequently hollow, often pink- to purple-tinged), glabrous or leaf axils sparsely tomentose.

usually 1, sometimes multiple, bases and leaf axils tomentose, otherwise glabrous.

Basal leaves

(and proximal cauline) obscurely petiolate;

blades obovate to oblanceolate, sometimes lyrate (lateral lobes to 5 pairs, terminal lobes larger than laterals), 50–150+ × 10–30+ mm, bases tapering, ultimate margins crenate to irregularly undulate.

(and proximal cauline) petiolate;

blades oblanceolate to obovate or lyrate (pinnately lobed to pinnatifid, terminal lobes larger than laterals), 10–30+ × 10–20+ mm, bases tapering, ultimate margins ± crenate to serrate.

Cauline leaves

gradually reduced (weakly clasping, similar to basal).

gradually to abruptly reduced (sessile; pinnatisect or entire).

Peduncles

bracteate, glabrous or bases tomentose.

bracteate (bractlets purple-tinged), glabrous or glabrate.

Ray florets

(8–)13;

corolla laminae 7–9 mm.

0 (rarely) or 10–12;

corolla laminae 8–10 mm.

Disc florets

35–50+;

corolla tubes 2.5–3.5 mm, limbs 2–3 mm.

45–60+;

corolla tubes 3.5–4 mm, limbs 3–3.5 mm.

Phyllaries

(13–)21, green, 5–7 mm, glabrous.

13, green (sometimes purple-tinged distally), 6–8 mm, glabrous.

Calyculi

conspicuous (bractlets 2.5–4 mm).

0 or inconspicuous (bractlets purple-tinged).

Heads

8–30+ in umbelliform or cymiform arrays (robust plants with multiple arrays).

1–2(–5+) in cymiform arrays.

Cypselae

1–1.5 mm, sparsely hirtellous on ribs or glabrous;

pappi 3–4 mm.

1.5–2.5 mm, hirtellous on ribs;

pappi 6–7 mm.

2n

= 46.

= 46.

Packera glabella

Packera hyperborealis

Phenology Flowering (Feb–)mid Mar–late May. Flowering mid Jun–early Aug.
Habitat Open wet areas, edges of woodlands, stream banks, roadsides, meadows, marshes, fallow fields Open, dry, rocky or sandy areas, sometimes in fertile soils overlaying limestone
Elevation 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) 0–900 m (0–3000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; NE; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; NT; NU; YT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Packera glabella is common and almost weedy in wet, partially shaded places. The hollow, striated stems of P. glabella are distinctive.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Packera hyperborealis is known only from lowland tundra from Alaska to the Mackenzie River and as far south as the northern end of the Franklin Mountains. It has also been collected as far north as Banks Island.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 588. FNA vol. 20, p. 589.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera
Sibling taxa
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
Synonyms Senecio glabellus, Senecio carolinianus, Senecio densiflorus, Senecio lobatus, Senecio lyratus, Senecio mississipianus Senecio hyperborealis
Name authority (Poiret) C. Jeffrey: Kew Bull. 47: 101. (1992) (Greenman) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Bot. Not. 128: 520. (1976)
Web links