Packera eurycephala |
Packera paupercula |
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cut-leaf butterweed, wide-head groundsel |
balsam groundsel, Canadian butterweed |
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Habit | Perennials, 20–50+ cm, taprooted (caudices branched, ascending to erect, woody). | Perennials, 20–45+ cm; subrhizomatous (bases weakly branched, ascending to erect). | ||||
Stems | 1 or, usually, multiple, clustered, densely tomentose to glabrescent. |
1 or 2–4, loosely clustered, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally. |
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Basal leaves | (soon withering), petiolate; blades lyrate (lateral lobes 2–6+ pairs), ovate, obovate, or spatulate, 70–100+ × 20–30+ mm, bases tapering, ultimate margins irregularly and coarsely serrate-dentate. |
petiolate; blades lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, 30–60+ × 10–20+ mm, bases tapering, sometimes obtuse, margins subentire to dentate or serrate. |
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Cauline leaves | gradually reduced (± petiolate, proximal and mid similar to basal, terminal lobes smaller than laterals; distal sessile, incised). |
gradually reduced (proximals petiolate, sublyrate; mids sessile, not clasping, lanceolate, dissected, incised, or lacerate; distals sessile, bractlike). |
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Peduncles | bracteate, sparsely to densely lanate-tomentose. |
usually bracteate, sometimes ebracteate, glabrous. |
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Ray florets | 8 or 13; corolla laminae 10–15 mm. |
0, 8, or 13; corolla laminae (pale yellow) 5–10+ mm. |
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Disc florets | 35–50+; corolla tubes 3.5–4.5 mm, limbs 2.5–3.5 mm. |
50–65+; corolla tubes 2–3 mm, limbs 2–3 mm. |
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Phyllaries | 13 or 21, green (tips sometimes yellow), 8–10+ mm, densely tomentose proximally, glabrescent distally. |
13 or 21, green, 5–8+ mm, glabrous. |
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Calyculi | inconspicuous (bractlets tomentose). |
inconspicuous. |
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Heads | 5–20+ in open or compact (rarely), cymiform arrays. |
2–10+ in loose or compact, corymbiform arrays. |
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Cypselae | 1–1.5 mm, glabrous; pappi 6–7 mm. |
1–2 mm, usually glabrous, sometimes hispidulous on ribs; pappi 3.5–4.5 mm. |
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2n | = 46. |
= 44, 46, 92. |
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Packera eurycephala |
Packera paupercula |
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Phenology | Flowering May–late Jun (south), late Jun–early Aug (north). | |||||
Habitat | Wet meadows, open woodlands, along streams, rocky outcrops | |||||
Elevation | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
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AK; AL; CO; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SD; TN; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Ecologically and morphologically, Packera paupercula is the most variable species of the genus in North America. Some “phases” have been treated as separate species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and races. Variation within P. paupercula hints at some interesting evolutionary relationships; characteristics used to separate taxa overlap. Much of the morphologic variation in this species may be due to hybridization and introgression. I do not recognize any of the infraspecific taxa that have been proposed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 586. | FNA vol. 20, p. 595. | ||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera | Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Senecio eurycephalus | Senecio pauperculus, Senecio balsamitae, Senecio balsamitae var. firmifolius, Senecio balsamitae var. thomsoniensis, Senecio crawfordii, Senecio flavovirens, Senecio gaspensis, Senecio multnomensis, Senecio robbinsii var. subtomentosus, Senecio tweedyi | ||||
Name authority | (Torrey & A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 46. (1981) | (Michaux) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Bot. Not. 128: 520. (1976) | ||||
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