The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

White Mountain ragwort

balsam groundsel, Canadian butterweed

Habit Perennials, 20–40+ cm; rhizomatous (rhizomes horizontal to erect). Perennials, 20–45+ cm; subrhizomatous (bases weakly branched, ascending to erect).
Stems

1 or 2–3, clustered, densely lanate-tomentose or canescent, tufts of arachnoid tomentum in leaf axils, or glabrescent.

1 or 2–4, loosely clustered, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally.

Basal leaves

(thick, leathery) petiolate;

blades narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate, 25–100+ × 5–20 mm, bases tapering, margins entire, subentire, dentate, or wavy (adaxial faces early glabrescent).

petiolate;

blades lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, 30–60+ × 10–20+ mm, bases tapering, sometimes obtuse, margins subentire to dentate or serrate.

Cauline leaves

gradually reduced (sessile; lanceolate to oblanceolate, entire or wavy).

gradually reduced (proximals petiolate, sublyrate; mids sessile, not clasping, lanceolate, dissected, incised, or lacerate; distals sessile, bractlike).

Peduncles

0 (or relatively reduced, then densely tomentose).

usually bracteate, sometimes ebracteate, glabrous.

Ray florets

(5–)8;

corolla laminae 8–10+ mm.

0, 8, or 13;

corolla laminae (pale yellow) 5–10+ mm.

Disc florets

35–45+;

corolla tubes 2.5–3.5 mm, limbs 3.5–4.5 mm.

50–65+;

corolla tubes 2–3 mm, limbs 2–3 mm.

Phyllaries

(8–)13, green (tips red), 3–6 mm, densely tomentose proximally, glabrate distally.

13 or 21, green, 5–8+ mm, glabrous.

Calyculi

inconspicuous (bractlets red-tipped).

inconspicuous.

Heads

10–30+ in open or congested, cymiform arrays.

2–10+ in loose or compact, corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

1–1.5 mm, glabrous;

pappi 5–6 mm.

1–2 mm, usually glabrous, sometimes hispidulous on ribs;

pappi 3.5–4.5 mm.

2n

= 46.

= 44, 46, 92.

Packera cynthioides

Packera paupercula

Phenology Flowering late Jul–mid Sep. Flowering May–late Jun (south), late Jun–early Aug (north).
Habitat Loose rocky soils, steep slopes, subalpine and pine-juniper forests Wet meadows, open woodlands, along streams, rocky outcrops
Elevation 2200–2900 m (7200–9500 ft) 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
NM
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AL; CO; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SD; TN; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Packera cynthioides blooms later than other Packera species at the same latitudes. It is noted by collectors as usually growing on north- or west-facing slopes in limestone-derived soils. Its cauline leaves are well developed and held at a shallow angle to the stem, giving the plant a more “leafy” aspect than other members of the genus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Ecologically and morphologically, Packera paupercula is the most variable species of the genus in North America. Some “phases” have been treated as separate species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and races. Variation within P. paupercula hints at some interesting evolutionary relationships; characteristics used to separate taxa overlap. Much of the morphologic variation in this species may be due to hybridization and introgression. I do not recognize any of the infraspecific taxa that have been proposed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 583. FNA vol. 20, p. 595.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera
Sibling taxa
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
Synonyms Senecio cynthioides, Senecio fendleri var. subintegra, Senecio wrightii Senecio pauperculus, Senecio balsamitae, Senecio balsamitae var. firmifolius, Senecio balsamitae var. thomsoniensis, Senecio crawfordii, Senecio flavovirens, Senecio gaspensis, Senecio multnomensis, Senecio robbinsii var. subtomentosus, Senecio tweedyi
Name authority (Greene) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 46. (1981) (Michaux) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Bot. Not. 128: 520. (1976)
Web links