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saffron ragwort

false-gold groundsel, streambank butterweed, streambank groundsel

Habit Perennials, 20–60+ cm; perennating bases horizontal to ascending (relatively long and stout). Perennials, 20–70+ cm; fibrous-rooted (bases simple or branched, horizontal to erect).
Stems

usually 1, rarely 2–3, clustered, glabrous.

usually 1, sometimes 2–4, clustered, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally.

Basal leaves

(and proximal cauline) petiolate (petioles narrow);

blades narrowly lanceolate or ovate to oblong-ovate, 20–60+ × 10–40+ mm, bases abruptly contracted to tapering, margins subentire to crenate-dentate.

petiolate;

blades usually broadly lanceolate to ovate, sometimes subhastate, 20–50+ × 20–40+ mm, bases truncate to subcordate or obtuse, margins crenate, denticulate, bluntly dentate, or sharply dentate (proximal cauline leaves petiolate; margins usually pinnately lobed to laciniate, sometimes subentire).

Cauline leaves

gradually reduced (sessile, weakly clasping; lanceolate to oblong or sublyrate, often pinnately lobed).

gradually reduced (becoming sessile, sometimes clasping).

Peduncles

ebracteate or bracteate (bractlets inconspicuous), glabrous.

bracteate, glabrous.

Ray florets

8 or 13;

corolla laminae (deep yellow to orange-red) 6–8+ mm.

0, 8, or 13;

corolla laminae 6–10+ mm.

Disc florets

60–80+;

corolla tubes 4.5–5.5 mm, limbs 2.5–3.5 mm.

70–80+;

corolla tubes 2.5–3.5 mm, limbs 2–3 mm.

Phyllaries

13 or 21, light green (or tips cyanic), 4–8 mm, glabrous.

(13–)21(–30+), light green, 3–8 mm, glabrous.

Calyculi

0 or inconspicuous.

inconspicuous.

Heads

7–15+ in open, corymbiform arrays.

5–20+ in open or congested, subumbelliform arrays.

Cypselae

1–1.5 mm, glabrous;

pappi 3–5 mm.

1–1.5 mm, glabrous;

pappi 4.5–5.5 mm.

2n

= 46.

= 40, 44, 46, 80.

Packera crocata

Packera pseudaurea

Phenology Flowering early Jul–mid Aug.
Habitat Wet meadows, along trails, rocky outcrops
Elevation 1800–3500 m (5900–11500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; ID; NM; NV; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; IA; ID; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OR; SD; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Packera crocata is characterized by deep yellow to reddish orange corollas. Some collectors have noted that there may be evidence for hybridization between P. crocata and P. dimorphophylla; the relationship between the two species needs further study.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaves: margins sharply dentate; phyllaries 7–8 mm
var. pseudaurea
1. Basal leaves: margins usually crenate, denticulate, or bluntly dentate, rarely sharply dentate; phyllaries 3–6 mm
→ 2
2. Basal leaves: petiole lengths equaling blades, blades broadly ovate, margins usually bluntly dentate or denticulate, rarely sharply dentate; heads 5–12 in congested, cymiform arrays; phyllaries 3–5 mm; s Rocky Mountains
var. flavula
2. Basal leaves: petiole lengths 1.5–2 times blades, blades narrowly ovate, margins crenate; heads 6–12 in open or slightly congested, corymbiform or cymiform arrays; phyllaries 4–6 mm; Great Plains
var. semicordata
Source FNA vol. 20, p. 583. FNA vol. 20, p. 597.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera
Sibling taxa
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
Subordinate taxa
P. pseudaurea var. flavula, P. pseudaurea var. pseudaurea, P. pseudaurea var. semicordata
Synonyms Senecio crocatus, Senecio pyrrhochrous, Senecio tracyi Senecio pseudaureus
Name authority (Rydberg) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 46. (1981) (Rydberg) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 48. (1981)
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