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Bolander's groundsel, Bolander's ragwort

elegant groundsel, rayless mountain butterweed, rayless mountain groundsel, rayless mountain ragwort

Habit Perennials, 20–50+ cm; fibrous-rooted (caudices creeping). Perennials, 10–100 cm; taprooted (caudices erect to suberect, relatively stout, branched).
Stems

1 or 2–3, loosely clustered, glabrous.

1 or 2–3, loosely clustered, glabrous or glabrate.

Basal leaves

(and proximal cauline) petiolate;

blades ± orbiculate to oblong, or lyrate (lateral lobes 1–3 pairs, sinuses usually rounded, midribs usually winged), 50–120+ × 30–70+ mm, bases cordate to subcordate, margins shallowly to deeply incised.

petiolate;

blades elliptic-ovate, oblong, or subreniform, 20–50 × 10–40+ mm, bases subcordate, truncate, or cuneate, margins usually crenate-dentate to coarsely dentate-lacerate, seldom subentire.

Cauline leaves

gradually reduced (petiolate or sessile and clasping; lanceolate, incised).

gradually reduced (petiolate, resembling basals, sublyrate or dissected; distal sessile, subentire to pinnatifid).

Peduncles

ebracteate or inconspicuously bracteate, glabrous.

ebracteate (or bractlets inconspicuous), glabrous or glabrate.

Ray florets

8 or 13;

corolla laminae 10–15+ mm.

0 or 8–10;

corolla laminae (deep yellow) 3–5 mm.

Disc florets

30–45+;

corolla tubes 3–4 mm, limbs 3.5–4.5 mm.

60–70+;

corolla tubes 2–3 mm, limbs 2.5–3.5 mm.

Phyllaries

(8), 13, or 21, dark green, 5–8 mm, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally.

13 or 21, green (tips sometimes reddish), 7–9 mm, glabrous.

Calyculi

conspicuous.

conspicuous (bractlets green, tips sometimes reddish).

Heads

8–15+ in corymbiform or subumbelliform arrays.

8–20+ in subumbelliform arrays.

Cypselae

2.5–3.5 mm, glabrous;

pappi 5–7 mm.

1–2 mm, glabrous;

pappi 3–4 mm.

2n

= 46.

= 46, 126, 176, 184.

Packera bolanderi

Packera indecora

Phenology Flowering mid Jun–late Aug.
Habitat Damp meadows, along streams, wet woodlands
Elevation 0–2300 m [0–7500 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CA; ID; MI; MN; MT; WA; WY; AB; BC; LB; MB; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The two varieties of Packera bolanderi have been treated as species. The morphologic characteristics used to distinguish the varieties vary widely within some populations. Presence or absence of multicellular hairs has been used to separate the varieties; that trait is also variable. The morphologic distinction is weak; habitat and elevation records lend support for recognizing two varieties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Packera indecora is found at relatively low elevations in eastern Canada and at middle to subalpine elevations in the western cordillera. It closely resembles P. pauciflora and it is often difficult to identify specimens in the herbarium. Biosystematic studies (J. F. Bain and J. Whitton 1994) have indicated that although they are morphologically similar, P. indecora and P. pauciflora have distinctly different physiologies and should be maintained as distinct taxa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaves (relatively thick and turgid); phyllaries 13 or 21, 6–8+ mm, hairy proximally (hairs tan or brownish, multicelled)
var. bolanderi
1. Basal leaves (relatively thin); phyllaries 8, 13, (or 21), 5–6 mm, glabrous
var. harfordii
Source FNA vol. 20, p. 579. FNA vol. 20, p. 590.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera
Sibling taxa
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
Subordinate taxa
P. bolanderi var. bolanderi, P. bolanderi var. harfordii
Synonyms Senecio bolanderi Senecio indecorus, Senecio burkei, Senecio idahoensis, Senecio pauciflorus subsp. fallax
Name authority (A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 45. (1981) (Greene) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Bot. Not. 128: 520. (1976)
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