Packera bolanderi |
Packera aurea |
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Bolander's groundsel, Bolander's ragwort |
golden groundsel, golden ragwort |
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Habit | Perennials, 20–50+ cm; fibrous-rooted (caudices creeping). | Perennials, 30–60+ cm; rhizomatous and/or fibrous-rooted (rhizomes or caudices erect to horizontal). | ||||
Stems | 1 or 2–3, loosely clustered, glabrous. |
1 or 2–3+, clustered, glabrous or leaf axils tomentose. |
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Basal leaves | (and proximal cauline) petiolate; blades ± orbiculate to oblong, or lyrate (lateral lobes 1–3 pairs, sinuses usually rounded, midribs usually winged), 50–120+ × 30–70+ mm, bases cordate to subcordate, margins shallowly to deeply incised. |
petiolate; blades cordate to reniform, 20–60 × 20–60 mm, bases abruptly contracted or ± cordate, margins crenate to crenate-serrate (apices rounded, faces glabrous). |
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Cauline leaves | gradually reduced (petiolate or sessile and clasping; lanceolate, incised). |
gradually reduced (petiolate or sessile, not clasping; blades oblong to lyrate, lateral lobes 2–4 pairs). |
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Peduncles | ebracteate or inconspicuously bracteate, glabrous. |
bracteate, glabrous or sparsely tomentose. |
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Ray florets | 8 or 13; corolla laminae 10–15+ mm. |
(8–)10–13; corolla laminae 8–10+ mm. |
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Disc florets | 30–45+; corolla tubes 3–4 mm, limbs 3.5–4.5 mm. |
55–70+; corolla tubes 3–3.5 mm, limbs 2–2.5 mm. |
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Phyllaries | (8), 13, or 21, dark green, 5–8 mm, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally. |
13–21, green (tips purple or black), 6–8 mm, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally. |
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Calyculi | conspicuous. |
inconspicuous. |
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Heads | 8–15+ in corymbiform or subumbelliform arrays. |
6–20+ in corymbiform to subumbelliform arrays. |
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Cypselae | 2.5–3.5 mm, glabrous; pappi 5–7 mm. |
1–1.5 mm, glabrous; pappi 4.5–5.5 mm. |
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2n | = 46. |
= 44. |
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Packera bolanderi |
Packera aurea |
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Phenology | Flowering late Feb–early May (south), late May–early Aug (north). | |||||
Habitat | Damp and swampy places in woodlands, meadows, along gravel banks and streambeds, acidic or sandy/gravelly soils | |||||
Elevation | 0–1500 m [0–4900 ft] | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA
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AL; AR; CT; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). The two varieties of Packera bolanderi have been treated as species. The morphologic characteristics used to distinguish the varieties vary widely within some populations. Presence or absence of multicellular hairs has been used to separate the varieties; that trait is also variable. The morphologic distinction is weak; habitat and elevation records lend support for recognizing two varieties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Packera aurea is abundant and widespread throughout eastern United States and Canada. It reproduces asexually from branched rhizomes or from adventitious shoots. Putative hybrids between P. aurea and P. paupercula, P. pseudaurea, P. schweinitziana, and P. tomentosa have been reported. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 579. | FNA vol. 20, p. 579. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Senecio bolanderi | Senecio aureus, Senecio aureus var. aquilonius, Senecio aureus var. ashei, Senecio aureus var. aurantiacus, Senecio aureus var. gracilis, Senecio aureus var. intercursus, Senecio gracilis | ||||
Name authority | (A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 45. (1981) | (Linnaeus) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Bot. Not. 128: 520. (1976) | ||||
Web links |