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Small's ragwort

Bolander's groundsel, Bolander's ragwort

Habit Perennials, 30–70+ cm; fibrous-rooted (caudices erect to ascending). Perennials, 20–50+ cm; fibrous-rooted (caudices creeping).
Stems

1 or 2–5, loosely clustered, bases densely tomentose, leaf axils usually tomentose.

1 or 2–3, loosely clustered, glabrous.

Basal leaves

petiolate;

blades narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, 30–90+ × 10–20+ mm, bases tapering, margins serrate to crenate-serrate (apices rounded to acute, faces glabrous).

(and proximal cauline) petiolate;

blades ± orbiculate to oblong, or lyrate (lateral lobes 1–3 pairs, sinuses usually rounded, midribs usually winged), 50–120+ × 30–70+ mm, bases cordate to subcordate, margins shallowly to deeply incised.

Cauline leaves

gradually reduced (petiolate or sessile; elliptic to lanceolate, often pinnatifid).

gradually reduced (petiolate or sessile and clasping; lanceolate, incised).

Peduncles

bracteate, distally tomentose.

ebracteate or inconspicuously bracteate, glabrous.

Ray florets

8 or 13;

corolla laminae 5–7+ mm.

8 or 13;

corolla laminae 10–15+ mm.

Disc florets

45–60+;

corolla tubes 1.5–2 mm, limbs 1.5–2 mm.

30–45+;

corolla tubes 3–4 mm, limbs 3.5–4.5 mm.

Phyllaries

13 or 21, light green, 3–5 mm, glabrous.

(8), 13, or 21, dark green, 5–8 mm, glabrous or sparsely tomentose proximally.

Calyculi

inconspicuous.

conspicuous.

Heads

20–70(–100+) in corymbiform arrays.

8–15+ in corymbiform or subumbelliform arrays.

Cypselae

0.75–1 mm, hirsute on ribs;

pappi 2.5–3 mm.

2.5–3.5 mm, glabrous;

pappi 5–7 mm.

2n

= 44.

= 46.

Packera anonyma

Packera bolanderi

Phenology Flowering early Jun–mid Jul (north), early Apr–late May (south).
Habitat Open fields, meadows, roadsides, disturbed sites, in drying or sandy soils
Elevation 50–1800 m (200–5900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; DC; FL; GA; KY; LA; MD; MS; NC; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Packera anonyma is common, almost weedy throughout most of its range. It grows on serpentine in Maryland, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. In western parts of its range, putative hybrids between P. anonyma and P. plattensis and P. tomentosa have been reported.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The two varieties of Packera bolanderi have been treated as species. The morphologic characteristics used to distinguish the varieties vary widely within some populations. Presence or absence of multicellular hairs has been used to separate the varieties; that trait is also variable. The morphologic distinction is weak; habitat and elevation records lend support for recognizing two varieties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaves (relatively thick and turgid); phyllaries 13 or 21, 6–8+ mm, hairy proximally (hairs tan or brownish, multicelled)
var. bolanderi
1. Basal leaves (relatively thin); phyllaries 8, 13, (or 21), 5–6 mm, glabrous
var. harfordii
Source FNA vol. 20, p. 578. FNA vol. 20, p. 579.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Packera
Sibling taxa
P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. bolanderi, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
P. anonyma, P. antennariifolia, P. aurea, P. bernardina, P. breweri, P. cana, P. cardamine, P. castoreus, P. clevelandii, P. contermina, P. crocata, P. cymbalaria, P. cynthioides, P. debilis, P. dimorphophylla, P. eurycephala, P. fendleri, P. flettii, P. franciscana, P. ganderi, P. glabella, P. greenei, P. hartiana, P. hesperia, P. hyperborealis, P. indecora, P. ionophylla, P. layneae, P. macounii, P. malmstenii, P. millefolium, P. millelobata, P. multilobata, P. musiniensis, P. neomexicana, P. obovata, P. ogotorukensis, P. pauciflora, P. paupercula, P. plattensis, P. porteri, P. pseudaurea, P. quercetorum, P. sanguisorboides, P. schweinitziana, P. spellenbergii, P. streptanthifolia, P. subnuda, P. tampicana, P. texensis, P. tomentosa, P. tridenticulata, P. werneriifolia
Subordinate taxa
P. bolanderi var. bolanderi, P. bolanderi var. harfordii
Synonyms Senecio anonymus, Senecio aureus var. angustifolius, Senecio earlei, Senecio smallii Senecio bolanderi
Name authority (Alph. Wood) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 45. (1981) (A. Gray) W. A. Weber & Á. Löve: Phytologia 49: 45. (1981)
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