Oxydendrum |
Oxydendrum arboreum |
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sorrel-tree, sourwood |
sorrel tree, sourwood |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees. | Plants to ca. 25(–35) m, with sour-tasting sap. |
Stems | erect; twigs glabrous or puberulent. |
terete. |
Leaves | deciduous; blade elliptic-oblong to elliptic, ovate, or obovate, ± chartaceous, margins irregularly compound-serrate or serrulate, especially distally, or entire (sometimes fringed with elongate hairs, especially when juvenile or on stump sprouts), plane, surfaces multicellular elongate-hairy (hairs stout) on midvein (rarely also secondary veins) abaxially, sometimes such hairs also on midvein and lamina adaxially, or such hairs absent, and ± sparsely unicellular-hairy on both surfaces of midvein or such hairs absent; venation brochidodromous. |
blades turning red in autumn, 5.5–23.5 × 2–8 cm, base cuneate to rounded, apex acute to acuminate. |
Inflorescences | terminal panicles composed of arching-declinate racemes or secondary panicles, 15–50-flowered, (borne on shoots of current season). |
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Pedicels | bracteoles 2, medial or distal. |
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Flowers | sepals 5, connate slightly to 1/2 their lengths, lanceolate; petals 5, connate ca. 3/4 their lengths, white, corolla urceolate to cylindric-urceolate, lobes much shorter than tube, (densely unicellular-hairy, hairs short to elongate, crisped to straight); stamens 10, slightly exserted; filaments straight, flat, hairy, without spurs; anthers without awns, dehiscent by slitlike pores, with white line of disintegration tissue on each lobe abaxially; pistil 5-carpellate; ovary 5-locular; stigma capitate-truncate. |
calyx lobes 1–2 × 0.7–1.4 mm; corolla 4–7 × 2.5–5.5 mm; filaments 2–3.5 mm; anthers with locules narrowed distally, tubulelike; style strongly impressed into apex of ovary. |
Fruits | capsular, ovoid, (with very slightly thickened sutures), dry. |
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Capsules | 3.5–8.5 × 2–4 mm, unicellular-hairy; placentae basal. |
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Seeds | 25–100, narrowly oblong, (tailed); testa cells elongate. |
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x | = 12. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Oxydendrum |
Oxydendrum arboreum |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | |
Habitat | Usually well-drained, acid, broadleaved forests on slopes, bluffs, in ravines, or along streams, ecotone areas in pinelands, swamp margins | |
Elevation | 0-1700 m (0-5600 ft) | |
Distribution |
e United States |
AL; FL; GA; IN; KY; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Species 1: e United States. Oxydendrum had been considered to be isolated from other genera of tribe Andromedeae Klotzsch (P. F. Stevens 1971; C. E. Wood Jr. 1961). Recent phylogenetic analyses (K. A. Kron et al. 2002) support those earlier views, placing the genus as the sister group of the clade including such genera as Andromeda, Gaultheria, Lyonia, and Vaccinium. Oxydendrum is now, therefore, assigned to its own tribe, Oxydendreae H. T. Cox. Species 1 (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oxydendrum arboreum is often used as an ornamental; it sometimes persists after cultivation (or rarely escapes from cultivation) in regions north of its native range; specimen-based records from New Jersey and southern New York appear to represent such escapes from cultivation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 496. | FNA vol. 8, p. 497. |
Parent taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Andromeda arborea | |
Name authority | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 7: 601. 1839 , | (Linnaeus) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 7: 601. (1839) |
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