Flora of North America species comparison

leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 2–4.5 mm;

margins recurved to narrowly revolute to near apex, entire;

apex sharply to slenderly acute;

basal laminal cells elongate to rectangular, walls thick, ± nodose;

distal cells 6–13 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic and small, or 2-fid and low.

leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, ligulate to lanceolate-oblong, polymorphic, 1.3–2.6 mm;

margins revolute to below apex or sometimes broadly reflexed distally, entire, sometimes serrulate in apex;

apex obtuse to broadly acute, apiculate, incurved when dry;

basal laminal cells broadly rectangular, walls thin, not nodose;

distal cells 8–13 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 2 or 3 per cell, conic, low.

to 1.8 mm.

to 2 mm.

gonioautoicous.

cladautoicous or rarely gonioautoicous.

immersed, emergent, or slightly exserted, usually 1/3 emergent, globose ovate, ovate-oblong, or short-oblong, 1.3–1.8 mm, slightly or distinctly 8-ribbed 1/2–2/3 length;

stomata superficial;

peristome single, rarely double;

prostome large, conspicuous, or rudimentary;

exostome teeth 16, erect or sometimes spreading-recurved when old, smooth, scattered-papillose, or coarsely papillose-granulate;

endostome segments absent, or rarely 8, rudimentary, of 1 row of cells, smooth or roughened.

2/3 emergent to short-exserted, cylindric to cylindric-elliptic when mature, 1.3–2 mm, strongly 8-ribbed entire length, not constricted below mouth;

stomata immersed, in proximal 1/3 of capsule, ± covered by subsidiary cells, cells projecting, inner walls thickened;

peristome double;

prostome absent;

exostome teeth 8, rarely splitting to 16, erect when mature, reflexed when old, papillose;

endostome segments 8, rarely 16, well developed, of 2 rows of cells, finely papillose.

oblong, smooth, hairy or rarely naked, hairs finely papillose.

conic-oblong, smooth, naked or sparsely hairy, hairs sometimes papillose by projecting walls.

13–21 µm.

11–18 µm.

asexual reproduction absent.

asexual reproduction by gemmae on abaxial surface of leaves.

with hairs absent.