Orthotrichum rupestre |
Orthotrichum shevockii |
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orthotrichum moss, rock bristle-moss |
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Habit | Plants (1–)3–12.5 cm, light green to olive green. | Plants to 1.5 cm. |
Stem | leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 2–4.5 mm; margins recurved to narrowly revolute to near apex, entire; apex sharply to slenderly acute; basal laminal cells elongate to rectangular, walls thick, ± nodose; distal cells 6–13 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic and small, or 2-fid and low. |
leaves rigid, erect when dry, ligulate- to elliptic-lanceolate, to 5 mm; margins recurved from just beyond base to near apex, entire; apex obtuse to rounded-acute; basal laminal cells short-rectangular, walls thin, not nodose; distal cells 13–16 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 2 or 3 per cell, simple to 2-fid, high; marginal cells 2- or 3-stratose. |
Seta | to 1.8 mm. |
to 0.5 mm. |
Sexual condition | gonioautoicous. |
gonioautoicous. |
Capsule | immersed, emergent, or slightly exserted, usually 1/3 emergent, globose ovate, ovate-oblong, or short-oblong, 1.3–1.8 mm, slightly or distinctly 8-ribbed 1/2–2/3 length; stomata superficial; peristome single, rarely double; prostome large, conspicuous, or rudimentary; exostome teeth 16, erect or sometimes spreading-recurved when old, smooth, scattered-papillose, or coarsely papillose-granulate; endostome segments absent, or rarely 8, rudimentary, of 1 row of cells, smooth or roughened. |
immersed, short-cylindric to oblong-ovate, 1–2 mm, strongly 8-ribbed entire length, constricted below mouth when dry; stomata immersed, 2/3 to completely covered by subsidiary cells, cells projecting, inner walls thickened; peristome double; prostome absent; exostome teeth 8, reflexed, papillose to papillose-reticulate near apex; endostome segments 8, occasionally 16, well developed, of 1 row of cells, smooth or roughened. |
Calyptra | oblong, smooth, hairy or rarely naked, hairs finely papillose. |
oblong, smooth, hairy, hairs papillose. |
Spores | 13–21 µm. |
15–18 µm. |
Specialized | asexual reproduction absent. |
asexual reproduction absent. |
Orthotrichum rupestre |
Orthotrichum shevockii |
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Habitat | Non-calcareous boulders and cliff faces in mesic areas of pine, spruce-fir, or aspen forests, base of trees, subalpine shade | Dry granitic rock |
Elevation | low to high elevations (100-3000 m) (low to high elevations (300-9800 ft)) | moderate to high elevations (1100-1600 m) (moderate to high elevations (3600-5200 ft)) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; NU; ON; YT; South America; e Africa; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands); Greenland; n Africa; e Asia (Japan); Europe; Australia
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CA |
Discussion | In typical form, Orthotrichum rupestre is characterized as much-branched plants in loose tufts with lanceolate leaves, apex narrowly and bluntly acute, basal cells elongate, thick-walled, and nodose, yellowish in older leaves, capsule oblong, emergent, 8-ribbed to mid capsule when old and dry, smooth or slightly 8-ribbed when mature, exostome of 16 erect teeth, coarsely papillose, and calyptra with abundant, spinulose, papillose hairs, some of which extend over the beak. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Orthotrichum shevockii is known only from the southern Sierra Mountains. The species is distinguished by small, blackish tufts, obtuse to bluntly acute leaf apices, strongly multipapillose distal laminal cells, 2-stratose (or more) leaf margins, and completely immersed, strongly 8-ribbed capsules with immersed stomata, reflexed exostome teeth, well-developed endostome, and papillose calyptra hairs. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 28, p. 65. | FNA vol. 28, p. 67. |
Parent taxa | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dorcadion rupestre, O. bullatum, O. californicum, O. douglasii, O. macfaddenae, O. rupestre var. globosum, O. rupestre var. macfaddenae, O. texanum, O. texanum var. globosum | |
Name authority | Schleicher ex Schwagrichen: Sp. Musc. Frond. Suppl. 1(2): 27, plate 53 [top]. (1816) | Leónsky-Haapasaari & D. H. Norris: Bryologist 101: 435, figs. 1 – 23. (1998) |
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