Orthotrichum rupestre |
Orthotrichum pycnophyllum |
|
---|---|---|
orthotrichum moss, rock bristle-moss |
orthotrichum moss |
|
Habit | Plants (1–)3–12.5 cm, light green to olive green. | Plants 0.8–4 cm. |
Stem | leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 2–4.5 mm; margins recurved to narrowly revolute to near apex, entire; apex sharply to slenderly acute; basal laminal cells elongate to rectangular, walls thick, ± nodose; distal cells 6–13 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic and small, or 2-fid and low. |
leaves loosely erect-spreading when dry, lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm; margins revolute to just below apex, often wavy and slightly notched near apex; apex gradually acuminate to long acuminate-cuspidate; basal laminal cells elongate, walls thick, nodose; distal cells 7–13 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic, size moderate. |
Seta | to 1.8 mm. |
1–1.5 mm. |
Sexual condition | gonioautoicous. |
gonioautoicous. |
Capsule | immersed, emergent, or slightly exserted, usually 1/3 emergent, globose ovate, ovate-oblong, or short-oblong, 1.3–1.8 mm, slightly or distinctly 8-ribbed 1/2–2/3 length; stomata superficial; peristome single, rarely double; prostome large, conspicuous, or rudimentary; exostome teeth 16, erect or sometimes spreading-recurved when old, smooth, scattered-papillose, or coarsely papillose-granulate; endostome segments absent, or rarely 8, rudimentary, of 1 row of cells, smooth or roughened. |
immersed to fully exserted, usually 1/2–1/4 emergent, oblong-ovate to cylindric, 1.5–2 mm, smooth to slightly 8-ribbed; stomata superficial; peristome double; prostome absent; exostome teeth 16, separate to base, recurved, acute, obscurely and densely papillose; endostome segments 16, separate to base, well developed, thick, stout, of 2 rows of cells, narrower than exostome teeth, usually not erose, yellowish brown, coarsely papillose. |
Calyptra | oblong, smooth, hairy or rarely naked, hairs finely papillose. |
conic-oblong, smooth, moderately hairy, hairs smooth. |
Spores | 13–21 µm. |
17–29 µm. |
Specialized | asexual reproduction absent. |
asexual reproduction absent. |
Orthotrichum rupestre |
Orthotrichum pycnophyllum |
|
Habitat | Non-calcareous boulders and cliff faces in mesic areas of pine, spruce-fir, or aspen forests, base of trees, subalpine shade | Branches and trunks of trees |
Elevation | low to high elevations (100-3000 m) (low to high elevations (300-9800 ft)) | moderate to high elevations (500-2000 m) (moderate to high elevations (1600-6600 ft)) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; NU; ON; YT; South America; e Africa; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands); Greenland; n Africa; e Asia (Japan); Europe; Australia
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AZ; NM; TX; Mexico; South America; Central America (Guatemala, Panama) |
Discussion | In typical form, Orthotrichum rupestre is characterized as much-branched plants in loose tufts with lanceolate leaves, apex narrowly and bluntly acute, basal cells elongate, thick-walled, and nodose, yellowish in older leaves, capsule oblong, emergent, 8-ribbed to mid capsule when old and dry, smooth or slightly 8-ribbed when mature, exostome of 16 erect teeth, coarsely papillose, and calyptra with abundant, spinulose, papillose hairs, some of which extend over the beak. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Distinguishing features of Orthotrichum pycnophyllum are the 16 exostome teeth that are not connate at the base to form a membrane as in O. keeverae, 16 endostome segments, and a slightly ribbed capsule that is usually 3/4 emergent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 28, p. 65. | FNA vol. 28, p. 64. |
Parent taxa | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dorcadion rupestre, O. bullatum, O. californicum, O. douglasii, O. macfaddenae, O. rupestre var. globosum, O. rupestre var. macfaddenae, O. texanum, O. texanum var. globosum | O. lozanoi, O. lozanoi var. lutescens, O. pycnophyllum var. lutescens, O. recurvans |
Name authority | Schleicher ex Schwagrichen: Sp. Musc. Frond. Suppl. 1(2): 27, plate 53 [top]. (1816) | Schimper: in J. K. A. Müller, Syn. Musc. Frond. 1: 709. (1849) |
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