Orthotrichum rupestre |
Orthotrichum fenestratum |
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orthotrichum moss, rock bristle-moss |
orthotrichum moss |
|
Habit | Plants (1–)3–12.5 cm, light green to olive green. | Plants to 1.2 cm. |
Stem | leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 2–4.5 mm; margins recurved to narrowly revolute to near apex, entire; apex sharply to slenderly acute; basal laminal cells elongate to rectangular, walls thick, ± nodose; distal cells 6–13 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic and small, or 2-fid and low. |
leaves erect-appressed when dry, ovate-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 2.2–3.2 mm; margins narrowly revolute to below apex, entire; apex acute and often cuspidate-apiculate; basal laminal cells elongate, walls thick, nodose; distal cells 9–15 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic, small. |
Seta | to 1.8 mm. |
2 mm. |
Sexual condition | gonioautoicous. |
gonioautoicous. |
Capsule | immersed, emergent, or slightly exserted, usually 1/3 emergent, globose ovate, ovate-oblong, or short-oblong, 1.3–1.8 mm, slightly or distinctly 8-ribbed 1/2–2/3 length; stomata superficial; peristome single, rarely double; prostome large, conspicuous, or rudimentary; exostome teeth 16, erect or sometimes spreading-recurved when old, smooth, scattered-papillose, or coarsely papillose-granulate; endostome segments absent, or rarely 8, rudimentary, of 1 row of cells, smooth or roughened. |
exserted, ovate-oblong when dry, ovate when moist, 1–1.8 mm, smooth to moderately 8-ribbed; stomata superficial; peristome single, rarely double; prostome absent; exostome teeth 8, splitting to 16, erect to recurved when old, finely papillose to almost smooth basally, coarsely papillose distally, fenestrate, cancellate; endostome segments 8, well developed, usually present when capsule is old and dry, narrow, of 1 row of cells, papillose-reticulate. |
Calyptra | oblong, smooth, hairy or rarely naked, hairs finely papillose. |
short-conic, smooth, hairs few, smooth. |
Spores | 13–21 µm. |
20–27 µm. |
Specialized | asexual reproduction absent. |
asexual reproduction absent. |
Orthotrichum rupestre |
Orthotrichum fenestratum |
|
Habitat | Non-calcareous boulders and cliff faces in mesic areas of pine, spruce-fir, or aspen forests, base of trees, subalpine shade | Habitat unknown |
Elevation | low to high elevations (100-3000 m) (low to high elevations (300-9800 ft)) | elevations (0 m) (elevations (0 ft)) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; NU; ON; YT; South America; e Africa; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands); Greenland; n Africa; e Asia (Japan); Europe; Australia
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AK |
Discussion | In typical form, Orthotrichum rupestre is characterized as much-branched plants in loose tufts with lanceolate leaves, apex narrowly and bluntly acute, basal cells elongate, thick-walled, and nodose, yellowish in older leaves, capsule oblong, emergent, 8-ribbed to mid capsule when old and dry, smooth or slightly 8-ribbed when mature, exostome of 16 erect teeth, coarsely papillose, and calyptra with abundant, spinulose, papillose hairs, some of which extend over the beak. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Orthotrichum fenestratum was collected only once by J. M. Macoun, who did not record the substrate, but it was probably near sea level. The plants are distinguished by their exostome teeth that are cancellate to the base, fenestrate and perforate only distally, and the ovate capsule. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 28, p. 65. | FNA vol. 28, p. 55. |
Parent taxa | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dorcadion rupestre, O. bullatum, O. californicum, O. douglasii, O. macfaddenae, O. rupestre var. globosum, O. rupestre var. macfaddenae, O. texanum, O. texanum var. globosum | |
Name authority | Schleicher ex Schwagrichen: Sp. Musc. Frond. Suppl. 1(2): 27, plate 53 [top]. (1816) | Cardot & Thériot: Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 4: 310, plate 16, fig. 2. (1902) |
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