Flora of North America species comparison

leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 2–4.5 mm;

margins recurved to narrowly revolute to near apex, entire;

apex sharply to slenderly acute;

basal laminal cells elongate to rectangular, walls thick, ± nodose;

distal cells 6–13 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic and small, or 2-fid and low.

leaves loosely erect when dry, ovate-lanceolate to oblong, 1.8–3 mm;

margins revolute nearly to base of awn, ± serrate in awn;

apex gradually acute, awn present, hyaline;

basal laminal cells broadly rectangular, walls thick, not nodose;

distal cells 14–24 µm, 1-stratose, smooth or papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic, small.

to 1.8 mm.

to 1 mm.

gonioautoicous.

autoicous.

immersed, emergent, or slightly exserted, usually 1/3 emergent, globose ovate, ovate-oblong, or short-oblong, 1.3–1.8 mm, slightly or distinctly 8-ribbed 1/2–2/3 length;

stomata superficial;

peristome single, rarely double;

prostome large, conspicuous, or rudimentary;

exostome teeth 16, erect or sometimes spreading-recurved when old, smooth, scattered-papillose, or coarsely papillose-granulate;

endostome segments absent, or rarely 8, rudimentary, of 1 row of cells, smooth or roughened.

immersed to emergent, oblong to oblong-cylindric, 1.2–1.8 mm, wrinkled or moderately 8-ribbed when dry;

stomata immersed;

peristome double;

prostome absent;

exostome teeth 16, reflexed when old and dry, longitudinally striate or coarsely and densely papillose;

endostome segments 16, not well developed, of 1 or 2 rows of cells, densely papillose.

oblong, smooth, hairy or rarely naked, hairs finely papillose.

conic-oblong, smooth, naked or hairs few, smooth.

13–21 µm.

13–20 µm.

asexual reproduction absent.

asexual reproduction by gemmae on leaves.