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bird's-foot, serradela

yellow bird's-foot, yellow serradela

Habit Herbs, annual, unarmed.
Stems

erect to procumbent or decumbent, terete, pubescent.

10–50 cm.

Leaves

alternate, odd-pinnate;

stipules present, distinct, dark-tipped, membranous;

petiolate;

leaflets 15–37, blade margins entire, surfaces pubescent.

30–60 × 10–15 mm;

stipules linear, 1 mm;

leaflets 15–37, blades elliptical to oblong-lanceolate, leaflets of larger leaves 5–9 × 2–3 mm.

Inflorescences

pedunculate, 2–8-flowered, axillary, umbellate heads;

bracts present or absent, pinnate or unifoliolate and leaflike;

bracteoles 1–8, 0.5 mm, dark-tipped, membranous.

Peduncles

1.5–2 cm in flower, 4–6 cm in fruit.

Pedicels

0–1 mm.

Flowers

papilionaceous;

calyx ± actinomorphic, tubular or campanulate, lobes 5;

corolla white, pink, or yellow [purple], keel obtuse, inconspicuous;

stamens 10, diadelphous;

anthers basifixed;

styles glabrous;

stigmas terminal.

calyx 3.5–4.3 mm, lobes 1.2–1.8 mm, more than 1/2 tube length;

corolla yellow, 5–8 mm.

Fruits

loments, stipitate, laterally compressed [terete], linear or curved, constricted between seeds or not, laterally dehiscent into indehiscent segments, segments oblong or elliptic oblong, reticulate-veined, pubescent.

Heads

3–8-flowered, 7–10 mm diam.;

bract equaling or longer than flowers, 7–9-foliolate.

Seeds

3–9, compressed-orbicular to ellipsoid-orbicular, smooth;

hilum lateral.

2 × 1.5 mm.

Loments

weakly compressed, not or slightly constricted between seeds, 20–50 × 2–3 mm;

segments 5–8, oblong, 3.5–4 mm;

beaks ± curved, 3–7 mm.

x

= 7.

2n

= 14.

Ornithopus

Ornithopus compressus

Phenology Flowering late spring–early summer.
Habitat Disturbed open areas, waste places.
Elevation 10–30 m. (0–100 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
Europe; w Asia; s Africa; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Australia]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR; Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Australia]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 6 (3 in the flora).

Ornithopus pinnatus (Miller) Druce has 5–15 leaflets, heads without leaflike bracts, yellow corollas, and terete fruits with densely reticulate-rugose segments. It was collected along a roadside in Santa Cruz County, California, where it was growing with O. sativus and other introduced species that are known to have persisted for ten years or more. The site has since been developed for housing; it is not known whether plants have survived in this or a neighboring area.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Corollas 3–5 mm, white or pink, sometimes with darker lines; loments 1.5–2 mm wide, segments 2–2.5 mm.
O. perpusillus
1. Corollas 5–9 mm, white, pink, or yellow; loments 2–3 mm wide, segments 2.8–4 mm.
→ 2
2. Corollas white or pink; bracteoles shorter than flowers.
O. sativus
2. Corollas yellow; bracteoles equaling or longer than flowers.
O. compressus
Source FNA vol. 11. Author: Peter W. Ball. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Ornithopus
Sibling taxa
O. perpusillus, O. sativus
Subordinate taxa
O. compressus, O. perpusillus, O. sativus
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 743. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 331. (1754) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 744. (1753)
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