Opuntia santa-rita |
Opuntia ellisiana |
|
---|---|---|
purple pricklypear, Santa Rita pricklypear |
tigertongue |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, with short trunk, erect, to 2 m. Stem segments not easily detached, green or, when under stress, lavender to red-purple at least around areoles, flattened, subcircular, sometimes ovate or obovate sometimes wider than long, 10–20 × 9.5–20 cm, thin, nearly smooth, glabrous; areoles 6–8(–9) per diagonal row across midstem segment, obovate or elliptic to subcircular, sometimes reniform, 3–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm; wool tan to brown. | Shrubs, low, spreading, to 2 m. Stem segments strongly interconnected, blue-green, flattened, obovate to ovate or circular, 15–25 × 10–20 cm, glaucous, low tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 5–7 per diagonal row across midstem segment, often fan-shaped with small circular extensions at base, 2.5–5(–10) mm diam., base surrounded by glabrous yellow lip; wool white, aging blackish. |
Spines | 0–1(–2) per areole, usually few along margins of stem segments, deflexed to erect, pale yellow to horn colored (aging reddish brown), straight to slightly curved, acicular, terete, the longest to 40 mm, usually shorter. |
absent or vestigial, yellow. |
Glochids | dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, nearly encircling areoles, and in subapical tuft, of even height, yellow to tan, aging brown, to 5 mm. |
few, scattered, poorly developed, yellow, aging gray to blackish, to 1.5 mm, covered by white, cottony wool. |
Flowers | inner tepals yellow throughout, fading orangish, 25–45 mm; filaments pale yellow throughout or pale yellow proximally, white distally; anthers pale yellow; style white; stigma lobes light green. |
inner tepals brilliant yellow throughout, fading orange to red, 25–30 mm; filaments white to green; anthers yellow; style white; stigma lobes bright light green. |
Fruits | purplish, green inside, obovoid to barrel-shaped, 25–45 × 20–30 mm, fleshy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 34–44(–54). |
pink- to red-purple with red pulp, pyriform, 30 × 25 mm, fleshy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 18–25, usually crowded near apex, long, white woolly. |
Seeds | tan, 3.5–5 × 3–4 mm, sides convex, often bearing bumps; girdle protruding 0.5 mm. |
tan, subcircular, 2 mm diam.; girdle broad, projecting 0.5 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Opuntia santa-rita |
Opuntia ellisiana |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr-early Jun). | Flowering spring (May–Jun). |
Habitat | Deserts, grasslands, oak woodlands, flats, slopes, sandy to rocky soils | Cultivation |
Elevation | 700-1600 m (2300-5200 ft) | |
Distribution |
AZ; Mexico (Sonora)
|
AZ; TX; Mexico [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Opuntia santa-rita has been reported for New Mexico and Texas, but I have seen no supporting specimens. Opuntia santa-rita is commonly confused with spineless O. macrocentra, but has yellow inner tepals with red basal portions. In southern Arizona, O. santa-rita hybridizes with O. chlorotica; that hybrid, with a chromosome number of 2n = 22, apparently accounts for L. D. Benson’s (1982) inclusion in the United States of Mexico’s O. gosseliniana F. A. C. Weber. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Opuntia ellisiana is only known from cultivation in the United States; the type is from a cultivated plant growing in Corpus Christi, Texas. Opuntia ellisiana has been confused with O. ficus-indica; their fruits are readily separable in the number and distribution of areoles and fruit size. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. chlorotica var. santa-rita, O. violacea var. santa-rita | O. lindheimeri var. ellisiana |
Name authority | (Griffiths & Hare) Rose: Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 52: 195. (1909) | Griffiths: Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 170, plate 25. (1910) |
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