Opuntia pusilla |
Opuntia ×spinosibacca |
|
---|---|---|
cockspur pricklypear, dune prickly-pear, sandbur pricklypear |
pricklypear |
|
Habit | Shrubs, creeping, often forming mats, trailing, to 0.1 m. Stem segments easily detached, green, purplish red under stress, flattened, elliptic to linear, sometimes subcylindric (to subspheric), 2.5–5(–8) × 1.2–2.5 cm, tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 2–5 per diagonal row across midstem segment, subcircular, 2–3 mm diam.; wool tan to gray. | Shrubs or small trees, erect, to 1.5 m. Stem segments not easily detached, green, often purple near areoles, flattened, obovate to ovate, 10–25 × 7.5–11 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, glaucous; areoles 4–5 per diagonal row across midstem segment, subcircular to oblong, 5–6 mm diam.; wool tan, aging blackish. |
Spines | (0–)1–2(–4) per areole, in distal 3/4 of stem segment areoles (to nearly spineless), porrect to spreading, red-brown, aging gray, stout, straight, terete, to 30 mm, strongly barbed. |
1–5(–8) per areole, at most areoles, spreading, white with red base, becoming dark red-brown with pale tips, aging gray, stout, usually curved, elliptic in cross section, longest to 70 mm. |
Glochids | in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, pale yellow, aging brown, to 3 mm, longest at areole apex. |
closely spaced in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, along margins of areoles, and in subapical tuft, yellow, to 4 mm. |
Flowers | inner tepals yellow throughout, 20–30 mm; filaments and anthers yellow; style and stigma lobes white. |
inner tepals deep yellow with red basal portions, to 35 mm; filaments yellow; anthers pale yellow; style cream; stigma lobes yellow-green. |
Fruits | green becoming red-purple at late maturity, barrel-shaped, 18–30 × 12–20 mm, fleshy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 8–16. |
often sterile, sometimes proliferating, yellow to red, ovoid to obconic, 28–32 × 13–22 mm, usually fleshy, becoming dry, tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 20–30, distal areoles bearing 1–4 red-brown and white spines, to 25 mm. |
Seeds | tan, subcircular, flattened, 4–6 mm diam.; girdle slightly protruding. |
few, tan, subcircular to irregularly shaped, 4–5 mm diam.; girdle protruding to 1 mm. |
2n | = 44. |
= 44. |
Opuntia pusilla |
Opuntia ×spinosibacca |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering spring (Apr–May). |
Habitat | Dune and pine scrub, primarily coastal, sandy openings, dunes, or rocky outcrops | Limestone hills, slopes |
Elevation | 0-100 m (0-300 ft) | 900 m (3000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; MS; NC; SC; TX; Ga
|
TX |
Discussion | Opuntia ×spinosibacca apparently originated from hybridization between the dry-fruited, diploid O. aureispina and the fleshy-fruited, hexaploid O. phaeacantha (or O. camanchica Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow). The nothospecies is restricted to the vicinity of Big Bend National Park, Texas. A very similar hybrid, O. ×rooneyi M. P. Griffith (O. aureispina × O. macrocentra, both diploids) is known fom the same region. The hybrids differ in spine number and distribution. Opuntia ×rooneyi has 2–3 central spines to 40–50 mm and 1–4 radial spines to 20 mm, the spines concentrated in the distal 2/3 of the stem segments. Opuntia ×spinosibacca has 2–5 central spines to 70 mm and 0 radial spines, the spines in nearly all areoles of the stem segments. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 130. | FNA vol. 4, p. 140. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cactus pusillus, O. drummondii, O. tracyi | O. phaeacantha var. spinosibacca |
Name authority | (Haworth) Haworth: Syn. Pl. Succ., 195. (1812) | M. S. Anthony: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 55: 246, fig. 22. (1956) |
Web links |