Opuntia phaeacantha |
Opuntia microdasys |
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brown-spine prickly-pear, dark-spine prickly pear, Mojave prickly pear, tulip prickly pear |
angel's-wings, bunny cactus, bunny ears, bunny ears cactus, bunny-ears pricklypear, polka-dot cactus |
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Habit | Shrubs, decumbent to commonly trailing, 0.3–1 m. Stem segments not disarticulating, green to dark green, sometimes reddish under stress, flattened, obovate to circular, 10–25 × 7–20 cm, low tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 5–7 per diagonal row across midstem segment, obovate to elliptic, 3–6 × 2–4 mm; wool tan to brown, aging grayish. | Shrubs, erect to sprawling, to 1 m, with many small stem segments. |
Stem | segments not disarticulating, bright green, flattened, circular to elliptic-obovate, (5–)7–10(–15) × (3–)4–8(–10) cm, low tuberculate, puberulent; areoles (9–)11–16 per diagonal row across midstem segment, subcircular, 2–5 mm diam.; wool white to tan, aging gray. |
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Spines | (0–)2–8 per areole, at most areoles to only distal 1/4 of stem segment, or essentially absent, brown to white, straight, curved, or spirally twisted; major central spines deflexed or spreading, brown to red-brown (to blackish), or partly to wholly gray to tan, subulate, usually flattened near base, 30–80 mm; abaxial spines usually 1–3, deflexed, white, flattened, shorter, to 20 mm. |
absent. |
Glochids | dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole and subapical tuft, tan to red-brown, to 5 mm. |
numerous, nearly filling areole, usually yellow or whitish, sometimes reddish brown, to 3 mm. |
Flowers | inner tepals yellow with red basal portions (rarely entirely pink to red), 30–40 mm; filaments greenish basally, pale yellow to white distally; anthers yellow; style white; stigma lobes green to yellow-green. |
inner tepals bright yellow throughout, aging peach, 25–30 mm; filaments and style white; anthers yellowish; stigma lobes dark green. |
Fruits | wine red to purple, with greenish flesh (sometimes reddish and ± juicy), not long stipitate, obovate to barrel-shaped, 30–50 × 20–30 mm, fleshy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 18–24. |
red, spheric to ovoid, 20–25 × 12–16 mm, fleshy, pubescent, spineless; areoles 35–50. |
Seeds | tan, subcircular, 4–5 mm diam., evidently notched, warped; girdle protruding 1 mm. |
tan, nearly spheric (slightly flattened), 1–1.2 mm (perhaps infertile); girdle protruding to 0.5 mm. |
2n | = 66. |
= 22. |
Opuntia phaeacantha |
Opuntia microdasys |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring (Apr–Jul). | Flowering spring (Apr–May). |
Habitat | Deserts, chaparral, surrounding mountains, plains, sandy to rocky soils | Desert hills, uplands, sandy to loamy calcareous soils |
Elevation | 200-2100 m (700-6900 ft) | 1700-2100 m (5600-6900 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; KS; NM; NV; OK; TX; UT; Mexico
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AZ; Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas) [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Much of the material formerly assigned to varieties of Opuntia phaeacantha has been segregated as O. engelmannii. Various combinations of overlapping character states make separation of O. phaeacantha var. major from var. phaeacantha impractical. Presumably var. major comprises sprawling to erect shrubs with obovate stem segments bearing usually few darker colored spines (usually one to three) per areole, in the distal half of the stem segment or less, whereas plants of var. phaeacantha are trailing shrubs with narrowly obovate stem segments bearing more spines (usually three to ten) per areole throughout most to all of the stem segment. Recently some workers have applied O. camanchica Engelmann & Bigelow to those plants with the very dark colored spines and merged vars. major and phaeacantha. Distinctions among taxa are further blurred by hybridization of O. phaeacantha with O. engelmannii, yielding several named and unnamed hybrids, including O. wootonii Griffiths. Morphologic and genetic analyses of the populations are needed before correct names can be assigned to many of these plants with confidence. Opuntia phaeacantha also hybridizes with O. aureispina (forming O. ×spinosibacca), O. ficus-indica, and O. littoralis (forming O. ×vaseyi), and members of the O. polyacantha complex, particularly near the regions of Grand Canyon and Four Corners. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Opuntia microdasys is widely cultivated and sometimes naturalized in Arizona. In Mexico, O. microdasys hybridizes with O. rufida. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4, p. 141. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. angustata, O. phaeacantha var. brunnea, O. phaeacantha var. laevis, O. phaeacantha var. major, O. superbospina | Cactus microdasys |
Name authority | Engelmann: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 51. (1849) | (Lehmann) Pfeiffer: Enum. Diagn. Cact., 154. (1837) |
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