Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia ×occidentalis |
|
---|---|---|
coastal prickly pear, prickly pear |
pricklypear, western prickly pear |
|
Habit | Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. | Shrubs, sprawling to erect, to 1.5 m. |
Stem | segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous; areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age; wool gray. |
segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, obovate, 19–35 × 14–18 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, oblong, 5–8 × 4–6 mm; wool dark brown. |
Spines | 4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray; erect ones terete, stout, straight; abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm; adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm. |
3–6 per areole, in most areoles (rarely few spined), spreading, straight, angularly flattened, subulate; abaxial 2–4 spines reflexed, shorter, to 20 mm; adaxial 1–2 spines yellow or white chalky with brown basal portions, 25–50 mm. |
Glochids | moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm. |
in moderately dense crescent at adaxial edge of areole and subapical tuft, reddish brown, to 6 mm. |
Flowers | inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm; filaments yellow to orange-yellow; anthers yellow; style pink to red; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. |
inner tepals yellow to deep pink, sometimes darker blush near base, to 50 mm; filaments usually yellow or white; anthers yellow; style pink or white; stigma lobes green. |
Fruits | dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 22–36. |
red-purple throughout, obovoid, 45–50 × 30–40 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 24–30. |
Seeds | gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.; girdle protruding 0.5 mm. |
yellow-tan, 4–5.5 mm; girdle protruding to 1 mm. |
2n | = 66. |
= 66. |
Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia ×occidentalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering spring (Apr–May). |
Habitat | Coastal sage scrub, chaparral | Coastal sage scrub, chaparral |
Elevation | 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) | 10-500 m (0-1600 ft) |
Distribution |
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
|
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California) |
Discussion | Opuntia ×occidentalis is a hybrid complex involving three, perhaps more, species [at least O. littoralis × (O. engelmannii × O. phaeacantha)]. The hybrids are morphologically variable; the putative parents are all hexaploid. Another similar putative hybrid, O. demissa, probably involves O. oricola (B. D. Parfitt and M. A. Baker 1993). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4, p. 141. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa | O. engelmannii var. occidentalis |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) | Engelmann: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 291. (1856) |
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