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coastal prickly pear, prickly pear

Columbia prickly-pear, grizzleybear pricklypear, grizzlybear prickly pear

Habit Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. Shrubs, low, forming mats, 10–30 cm.
Stem

segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous;

areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age;

wool gray.

segments easily detached to firmly attached, green, flattened, narrowly to broadly obovate, 3.5–9 × 2.5–5 cm, low tuberculate, glabrous;

areoles 4–6(–7) per diagonal row across midstem segment, oval, 3.5 × 2.5 mm;

wool white.

Spines

4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray;

erect ones terete, stout, straight;

abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm;

adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm.

in most areoles, straight, acicular, terete;

major spines 0–1 per areole, reflexed to porrect (rarely ascending), gray-white to brown, (15–)25–40(–60) mm; intermediate spines 0–3, reflexed, 12–20 mm;

minor spines 2–4, reflexed, yellow-gray, 3–6 mm.

Glochids

moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm.

loosely packed, in small tuft or crescent at adaxial margin of areole, yellowish, inconspicuous, to 4 mm.

Flowers

inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm;

filaments yellow to orange-yellow;

anthers yellow;

style pink to red;

stigma lobes yellow-green to green.

inner tepals yellow throughout, 30–45 mm;

filaments white to red;

anthers yellow;

style white;

stigma lobes green.

Fruits

dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless;

areoles 22–36.

rarely set, top-shaped to barrel-shaped, 15–20 × 15 mm, glabrous;

areoles 10–15, most bearing 3–12 spines or distal spines bearing 1–3 spines.

Seeds

gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.;

girdle protruding 0.5 mm.

tan, large, 5–7 mm;

girdle protruding 1–1.5 mm.

2n

= 66.

= 66.

Opuntia littoralis

Opuntia ×columbiana

Phenology Flowering spring (Apr–May). Flowering summer (late Jun-early Jul).
Habitat Coastal sage scrub, chaparral Dark basaltic cliffs and derived sands
Elevation 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) 100-800 m (300-2600 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
ID; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 4. FNA vol. 4, p. 146.
Parent taxa Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia
Sibling taxa
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. littoralis, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
Synonyms O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa O. erinacea var. columbiana
Name authority (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) Griffiths: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 43: 523. (1916)
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