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coastal prickly pear, prickly pear

Spanish lady

Habit Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. Shrubs, prostrate (to erect), clambering, to 0.6 m.
Stem

segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous;

areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age;

wool gray.

segments easily detached, green, flattened, elliptic, 5–18 × 3–7 cm, slightly tuberculate, glabrous;

areoles 3–4 per diagonal row across midstem segment, subcircular, 4 mm diam.;

wool whitish.

Spines

4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray;

erect ones terete, stout, straight;

abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm;

adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm.

1–3(–4) per areole, ± evenly distributed on stem segment, porrect to spreading, gray to whitish or cream, tipped black, straight, acicular, to 40 mm, barbed.

Glochids

moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm.

yellow, aging brown, 4–9 mm.

Flowers

inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm;

filaments yellow to orange-yellow;

anthers yellow;

style pink to red;

stigma lobes yellow-green to green.

inner tepals yellow throughout, 20–25 mm;

filaments pale green to yellow;

anthers yellow;

style pale green or white, pink tinged;

stigma lobes color unknown.

Fruits

dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless;

areoles 22–36.

red, ovoid to obovoid, 25–30 × 15–20 mm, fleshy, glabrous, bearing few areoles, spineless.

Seeds

gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.;

girdle protruding 0.5 mm.

tan, subcircular, somewhat flattened, 2.5 mm diam.;

girdle protruding less than 1 mm.

2n

= 66.

= 22.

Opuntia littoralis

Opuntia triacantha

Phenology Flowering spring (Apr–May). Flowering year-round.
Habitat Coastal sage scrub, chaparral Sandy areas on old limestone reefs, openings in tropical forests
Elevation 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) 0 m (0 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; West Indies
Discussion

Opuntia triacantha occurs in the flora area only on Big Pine Key, Florida. It is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4. FNA vol. 4, p. 130.
Parent taxa Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia
Sibling taxa
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. littoralis, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
Synonyms O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa Cactus triacanthos, O. abjecta, O. militaris
Name authority (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) (Willdenow) Sweet: Hort. Brit., 172. (1826)
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