Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia rufida |
|
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coastal prickly pear, prickly pear |
blind prickly pear, nopal rojizo |
|
Habit | Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. | Shrubs or trees, with short trunk, many branched, 0.5–1.5 m. |
Stem | segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous; areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age; wool gray. |
segments not disarticulating, grayish green, flattened, reniform, circular, elliptic, or obovate, (7.5–)10–18(–25) × 5–25 cm, low tuberculate, pubescent; areoles 8–13 per diagonal row across midstem segment, circular, 3–3.2 mm diam.; wool white to tan, aging gray. |
Spines | 4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray; erect ones terete, stout, straight; abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm; adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm. |
absent. |
Glochids | moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm. |
numerous, nearly filling areole, red-brown to white, 1–2.5 mm. |
Flowers | inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm; filaments yellow to orange-yellow; anthers yellow; style pink to red; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. |
inner tepals yellow throughout, aging apricot to orange, obovate-apiculate, 25–38 mm; filaments whitish; anthers yellow; style green; stigma lobes dark green. |
Fruits | dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 22–36. |
red with green flesh, obovate, 20–35 × 15–23 mm, fleshy, short pubescent, spineless; umbilicus 5–7 mm deep; areoles (30–)36–52. |
Seeds | gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.; girdle protruding 0.5 mm. |
yellowish, elliptic to subcircular, angular, 3–3.5 × 2.5–2.8 mm, thick, sides smooth or with 1–2 depressions; girdle protruding about 0.3 mm. |
2n | = 66. |
= 22. |
Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia rufida |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering spring (Mar–Apr). |
Habitat | Coastal sage scrub, chaparral | Calcareous to volcanic flats, hillsides, sandy to gravelly desert soils |
Elevation | 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) | 600-1300 m (2000-4300 ft) |
Distribution |
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
|
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango)
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Discussion | Opuntia rufida hybridizes in Mexico with O. microdasys. The vernacular name is derived from the tendency for the glochids to shed into the eyes of grazing cattle that bump against the plant. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa | O. microdasys var. rufida, O. rufida var. tortiflora |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) | Engelmann: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 298. (1856) |
Web links |