The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

coastal prickly pear, prickly pear

blind prickly pear, nopal rojizo

Habit Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. Shrubs or trees, with short trunk, many branched, 0.5–1.5 m.
Stem

segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous;

areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age;

wool gray.

segments not disarticulating, grayish green, flattened, reniform, circular, elliptic, or obovate, (7.5–)10–18(–25) × 5–25 cm, low tuberculate, pubescent;

areoles 8–13 per diagonal row across midstem segment, circular, 3–3.2 mm diam.;

wool white to tan, aging gray.

Spines

4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray;

erect ones terete, stout, straight;

abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm;

adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm.

absent.

Glochids

moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm.

numerous, nearly filling areole, red-brown to white, 1–2.5 mm.

Flowers

inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm;

filaments yellow to orange-yellow;

anthers yellow;

style pink to red;

stigma lobes yellow-green to green.

inner tepals yellow throughout, aging apricot to orange, obovate-apiculate, 25–38 mm;

filaments whitish;

anthers yellow;

style green;

stigma lobes dark green.

Fruits

dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless;

areoles 22–36.

red with green flesh, obovate, 20–35 × 15–23 mm, fleshy, short pubescent, spineless;

umbilicus 5–7 mm deep;

areoles (30–)36–52.

Seeds

gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.;

girdle protruding 0.5 mm.

yellowish, elliptic to subcircular, angular, 3–3.5 × 2.5–2.8 mm, thick, sides smooth or with 1–2 depressions;

girdle protruding about 0.3 mm.

2n

= 66.

= 22.

Opuntia littoralis

Opuntia rufida

Phenology Flowering spring (Apr–May). Flowering spring (Mar–Apr).
Habitat Coastal sage scrub, chaparral Calcareous to volcanic flats, hillsides, sandy to gravelly desert soils
Elevation 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) 600-1300 m (2000-4300 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Opuntia rufida hybridizes in Mexico with O. microdasys.

The vernacular name is derived from the tendency for the glochids to shed into the eyes of grazing cattle that bump against the plant.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4. FNA vol. 4.
Parent taxa Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia
Sibling taxa
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. littoralis, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
Synonyms O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa O. microdasys var. rufida, O. rufida var. tortiflora
Name authority (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) Engelmann: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 298. (1856)
Web links