Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia oricola |
|
---|---|---|
coastal prickly pear, prickly pear |
chaparral prickly pear |
|
Habit | Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. | Trees or shrubs, spreading, 2–3 m; trunk, when present, to 30 cm. |
Stem | segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous; areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age; wool gray. |
segments not disarticulating, dark green, flattened, subcircular to broadly obovate, 16–25 × 16–19 cm, nearly smooth, glabrous; areoles 8–10 per diagonal across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular, 4.5–5.5 mm, greatly enlarging to 10 mm diam.; wool tan to gray. |
Spines | 4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray; erect ones terete, stout, straight; abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm; adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm. |
5–13 per areole, in most areoles, usually reflexed, translucent yellow, aging red-brown, angular, curved, subulate, the longest 20–25(–50) mm. |
Glochids | moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm. |
in rather dense crescent along adaxial margins, increasing in length toward base, subapical tuft poorly developed, tan, aging brown, to 6 mm. |
Flowers | inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm; filaments yellow to orange-yellow; anthers yellow; style pink to red; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. |
inner tepals yellow throughout, 25–40 mm; filaments yellow to orange-yellow; anthers yellow; style red; stigma lobes green or light green. |
Fruits | dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 22–36. |
red to red-purple, pale yellow inside, with seed pulp red, subspheric to barrel-shaped, 37–60 × 30–45 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 23–63. |
Seeds | gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.; girdle protruding 0.5 mm. |
gray-brown, subcircular to semicircular, 3.5–4 mm diam.; girdle protruding to 0.4 mm. |
2n | = 66. |
= 33 (an abnormal, polyhaploid individual), 66. |
Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia oricola |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering spring (May). |
Habitat | Coastal sage scrub, chaparral | Coastal sage scrub, coastal chaparral |
Elevation | 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) |
Distribution |
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
|
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
|
Discussion | Opuntia demissa Griffiths is apparently a hybrid between O. oricola and an unknown taxon (B. D. Parfitt and M. A. Baker 1993), likely to be O. littoralis. The hybrid appears to be rather widespread and blurs distinctions between the putative parents. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4, p. 140. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa | |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) | Philbrick: Cac t. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 36: 163, 3 figs. (1964) |
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