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coastal prickly pear, prickly pear

Habit Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. Shrubs, dense, erect, to 1 m.
Stem

segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous;

areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age;

wool gray.

segments dark green, flattened, elliptic, (4–)10–17.5 × (3–)5–7 cm, moderately tuberculate, making margins appear scalloped, glabrous;

areoles 3–5 per diagonal row across midstem segment, elliptic to subcircular, 4–6 × 2.5–3 mm;

wool pale tan to white, loose.

Spines

4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray;

erect ones terete, stout, straight;

abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm;

adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm.

2–3(–5) per areole, spreading, yellowish, aging gray-white;

major ones straight, stout, slightly flattened, commonly spirally twisted, longest to 25–60 mm.

Glochids

moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm.

dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, sparser along sides of areole, yellow, turning red to brown, to 5 mm.

Flowers

inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm;

filaments yellow to orange-yellow;

anthers yellow;

style pink to red;

stigma lobes yellow-green to green.

inner tepals yellow throughout, to 30 mm;

filaments and anthers pale yellow;

style pale greenish yellow;

stigma lobes pale cream.

Fruits

dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless;

areoles 22–36.

reddish at maturity, obovoid, 40 × 25 mm, fleshy, glabrous;

areoles 17–21, bearing few spines to 9 mm.

Seeds

gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.;

girdle protruding 0.5 mm.

tan, subcircular, ± 3 mm diam.;

girdle to 0.3 mm.

2n

= 66.

= 22 (Puerto Rico).

Opuntia littoralis

Opuntia cubensis

Phenology Flowering spring (Apr–May). Flowering year-round.
Habitat Coastal sage scrub, chaparral Brushlands, coastal sands, ocean bluffs, disturbed areas
Elevation 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) 0 m (0 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; West Indies
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Opuntia cubensis is known in the flora only on Big Pine Key, Florida.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4. FNA vol. 4, p. 130.
Parent taxa Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia
Sibling taxa
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. littoralis, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
Synonyms O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa O. antillana, O. ochrocentra
Name authority (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) Britton & Rose: Torreya 12: 14. (1912)
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