Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia cubensis |
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coastal prickly pear, prickly pear |
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Habit | Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. | Shrubs, dense, erect, to 1 m. |
Stem | segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous; areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age; wool gray. |
segments dark green, flattened, elliptic, (4–)10–17.5 × (3–)5–7 cm, moderately tuberculate, making margins appear scalloped, glabrous; areoles 3–5 per diagonal row across midstem segment, elliptic to subcircular, 4–6 × 2.5–3 mm; wool pale tan to white, loose. |
Spines | 4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray; erect ones terete, stout, straight; abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm; adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm. |
2–3(–5) per areole, spreading, yellowish, aging gray-white; major ones straight, stout, slightly flattened, commonly spirally twisted, longest to 25–60 mm. |
Glochids | moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm. |
dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, sparser along sides of areole, yellow, turning red to brown, to 5 mm. |
Flowers | inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm; filaments yellow to orange-yellow; anthers yellow; style pink to red; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. |
inner tepals yellow throughout, to 30 mm; filaments and anthers pale yellow; style pale greenish yellow; stigma lobes pale cream. |
Fruits | dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 22–36. |
reddish at maturity, obovoid, 40 × 25 mm, fleshy, glabrous; areoles 17–21, bearing few spines to 9 mm. |
Seeds | gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.; girdle protruding 0.5 mm. |
tan, subcircular, ± 3 mm diam.; girdle to 0.3 mm. |
2n | = 66. |
= 22 (Puerto Rico). |
Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia cubensis |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Coastal sage scrub, chaparral | Brushlands, coastal sands, ocean bluffs, disturbed areas |
Elevation | 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) | 0 m (0 ft) |
Distribution |
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
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FL; West Indies |
Discussion | Opuntia cubensis is known in the flora only on Big Pine Key, Florida. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4, p. 130. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa | O. antillana, O. ochrocentra |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) | Britton & Rose: Torreya 12: 14. (1912) |
Web links |