Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia aureispina |
|
---|---|---|
coastal prickly pear, prickly pear |
Rio Grande pricklypear |
|
Habit | Shrubs, spreading to sprawling, forming large clumps, to 1 × 1–9 m. | Shrubs or trees, with short spiny trunks, erect, to 1(–1.5) m. |
Stem | segments not disarticulating, green, flattened, elliptic to obovate to rhombic, 15–25(–40) × 6.5–14 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, usually glaucous; areoles 5–7(–8) per diagonal row across midstem segment, prominent, subcircular(-oval), 4–6 × 4–5 mm, enlarging in age; wool gray. |
segments not disarticulating, light blue-green to yellow-green, flattened, circular to obovate, 8–12 × 8–12 cm, glaucous, ± tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 6–8 per diagonal row across midstem segment, oblong, 4–5 × 1–3 mm; wool brown to blackish. |
Spines | 4–11 per areole, in most areoles, yellow with chalky white coat, to yellow with red-brown basal portions, aging reddish gray; erect ones terete, stout, straight; abaxial ones reflexed, shorter, to 12 mm; adaxial spines spreading, longest spines 20–40 mm. |
usually 4–12 per areole, evenly distributed on stem segments, spreading, bright yellow to orange, red-brown at extreme base, aging tan to blackish, not chalky white, acicular; major spines (1–)3–5(–6) per areole, sometimes flattened and/or curved, 20–60 mm; smaller spines 1–7 per areole, slender, to 20 mm. |
Glochids | moderately dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, merging with subapical tuft when present, yellow to red-brown, to 5 mm. |
well spaced in very narrow row encircling areole, subapical tuft not or poorly developed, yellow, unequal in length, to 5 mm. |
Flowers | inner tepals yellow to dull red throughout, 35–45 mm; filaments yellow to orange-yellow; anthers yellow; style pink to red; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. |
inner tepals yellow with orange to red bases, obovate, 30–40 mm; filament yellow to pale green; anthers pale yellow; style yellow, sometimes basally pinkish; stigma lobes green. |
Fruits | dark red-purple throughout, obovoid, 35–50 × 30–35 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 22–36. |
green to reddish, turning tan, burlike, 30–40 × 20–25 mm, beginning fleshy, quickly drying, glabrous, bearing several rigid, yellow spines; areoles 12–25. |
Seeds | gray, subcircular, warped, 3–4.5 mm diam.; girdle protruding 0.5 mm. |
tan, flattened, irregular in outline, 3–6 mm diam.; girdle protruding to 1 mm. |
2n | = 66. |
= 22. |
Opuntia littoralis |
Opuntia aureispina |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering spring (May). |
Habitat | Coastal sage scrub, chaparral | Limestone desert flats, low hills |
Elevation | 10-400 m (0-1300 ft) | 500-600 m (1600-2000 ft) |
Distribution |
Calif (including Channel Islands); Mexico (Baja California)
|
TX; Mexico (Coahuila) |
Discussion | Opuntia aureispina hybridizes with O. phaeacantha (= O. ×spinosibacca M. S. Anthony) and O. macrocentra (= O. ×rooneyi M. P. Griffith). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. engelmannii var. littoralis, O. lindheimeri var. littoralis, O. occidentalis var. littoralis, O. semispinosa | O. macrocentra var. aureispina |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Cockerell: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 15. (1905) | (S. Brack & K. D. Heil) Pinkava & B. D. Parfitt: J. Arizona-Nevada Acad. Sci. 33: 150. (2001) |
Web links |