Opuntia humifusa |
Opuntia cubensis |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
devil's-tongue, eastern prickly-pear |
|
|||||
Habit | Shrubs, forming clumps or often prostrate, usually only 1 or 2 stem segments tall, to 0.5 m (except in Florida where they may be erect and reach to 2+ m with short trunk), flattened to obovoid, sometimes from tuberlike rootstocks. | Shrubs, dense, erect, to 1 m. Stem segments dark green, flattened, elliptic, (4–)10–17.5 × (3–)5–7 cm, moderately tuberculate, making margins appear scalloped, glabrous; areoles 3–5 per diagonal row across midstem segment, elliptic to subcircular, 4–6 × 2.5–3 mm; wool pale tan to white, loose. | ||||
Stem | segments not disarticulating, dark or bright shiny green, wrinkling when stressed, circular to broadly oblong to obovate, 5–17.5 × 4–12 cm, fleshy, usually tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 4–6 per diagonal row across midstem segment, oval to circular, 2–4 mm diam., not raised, sometimes somewhat sunken; wool tan to brown. |
|||||
Spines | often absent or 1–2(–3) per areole, spreading, whitish to brownish, terete, straight, and usually stout, 25–60 mm; occasionally also 1 deflexed spine present. |
2–3(–5) per areole, spreading, yellowish, aging gray-white; major ones straight, stout, slightly flattened, commonly spirally twisted, longest to 25–60 mm. |
||||
Glochids | in dense crescent of adaxial edge of areole and in dense tuft overtopping crescent in age, yellow to red-brown, to 4 mm. |
dense in crescent at adaxial edge of areole, sparser along sides of areole, yellow, turning red to brown, to 5 mm. |
||||
Flowers | inner tepals pale to bright yellow throughout, 20–30 mm diam.; filaments yellow to orange; anthers pale yellow to cream; style and stigma lobes white. |
inner tepals yellow throughout, to 30 mm; filaments and anthers pale yellow; style pale greenish yellow; stigma lobes pale cream. |
||||
Fruits | greenish, tardily becoming apricot to brownish red, elongate, 30–50 × 12–20 mm, fleshy, tapering at base; pulp green and sour, becoming reddish and sweet under ideal conditions; areoles 10–18. |
reddish at maturity, obovoid, 40 × 25 mm, fleshy, glabrous; areoles 17–21, bearing few spines to 9 mm. |
||||
Seeds | tan, 3.5–4.5 mm diam., thickish; girdle protruding to 1 mm. |
tan, subcircular, ± 3 mm diam.; girdle to 0.3 mm. |
||||
2n | = 22 (Puerto Rico). |
|||||
Opuntia humifusa |
Opuntia cubensis |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering year-round. | |||||
Habitat | Brushlands, coastal sands, ocean bluffs, disturbed areas | |||||
Elevation | 0 m (0 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON
|
FL; West Indies |
||||
Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Opuntia cubensis is known in the flora only on Big Pine Key, Florida. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 130. | FNA vol. 4, p. 130. | ||||
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Cactus humifusus | O. antillana, O. ochrocentra | ||||
Name authority | (Rafinesque) Rafinesque: Med. Fl. 2: 247. (1830) | Britton & Rose: Torreya 12: 14. (1912) | ||||
Web links |
|