Opuntia humifusa |
Opuntia aciculata |
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devil's-tongue, eastern prickly-pear |
chenille pricklypear, cowboy's red whiskers |
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Habit | Shrubs, forming clumps or often prostrate, usually only 1 or 2 stem segments tall, to 0.5 m (except in Florida where they may be erect and reach to 2+ m with short trunk), flattened to obovoid, sometimes from tuberlike rootstocks. | Shrubs, spreading, to 1.2 m. Stem segments not disarticulating, deep green, flattened, subcircular to obovate, 13–20 × 8–10 cm, nearly smooth, glabrous; areoles 5–7 per diagonal row across midstem segment, subcircular, 4–5 mm diam.; wool brown, long. | ||||
Stem | segments not disarticulating, dark or bright shiny green, wrinkling when stressed, circular to broadly oblong to obovate, 5–17.5 × 4–12 cm, fleshy, usually tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 4–6 per diagonal row across midstem segment, oval to circular, 2–4 mm diam., not raised, sometimes somewhat sunken; wool tan to brown. |
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Spines | often absent or 1–2(–3) per areole, spreading, whitish to brownish, terete, straight, and usually stout, 25–60 mm; occasionally also 1 deflexed spine present. |
commonly absent or evenly distributed with 1–3(–8) per areole, deflexed, yellow or brown, tipped yellow or mottled brown, straight, acicular, the longest to 50 mm. |
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Glochids | in dense crescent of adaxial edge of areole and in dense tuft overtopping crescent in age, yellow to red-brown, to 4 mm. |
widely and evenly spaced, conspicuous, radiating like star or pincushion, pale to deep red-brown, sometimes tipped yellow, 3–8 mm. |
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Flowers | inner tepals pale to bright yellow throughout, 20–30 mm diam.; filaments yellow to orange; anthers pale yellow to cream; style and stigma lobes white. |
inner tepals yellow, orange, or deep red (rarely magenta), to 30 mm; anthers yellow; filaments and style usually cream to pink; stigma lobes dark green. |
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Fruits | greenish, tardily becoming apricot to brownish red, elongate, 30–50 × 12–20 mm, fleshy, tapering at base; pulp green and sour, becoming reddish and sweet under ideal conditions; areoles 10–18. |
purplish red, ovoid to pyriform, 30–38 × 17–25 mm, juicy, glabrous, spineless; areoles 24–26. |
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Seeds | tan, 3.5–4.5 mm diam., thickish; girdle protruding to 1 mm. |
subcircular, 3–3.5 mm diam.; girdle size unknown. |
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2n | = 44. |
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Opuntia humifusa |
Opuntia aciculata |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | |||||
Habitat | Rangeland scrub, gravelly hills | |||||
Elevation | 100-200 m (300-700 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON
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TX |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Opuntia aciculata is found in the flora area only along the Rio Grande in Webb County, Texas, perhaps introduced. It was reported from Nuevo León, Mexico, according to D. Weniger (1970). The spineless or nearly spineless form with red to deep red tepals is widely cultivated. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 130. | FNA vol. 4. | ||||
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Cactus humifusus | O. lindheimeri var. aciculata | ||||
Name authority | (Rafinesque) Rafinesque: Med. Fl. 2: 247. (1830) | Griffiths: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 29: 10. (1916) | ||||
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